PB 1

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

\‑n‑§‑Ä‑¡‑v ‑t‑a‑e‑n‑e‑p‑Å‑ {‑]‑X‑o‑£‑ h‑e‑p‑X‑m‑W‑v. A‑X‑v \‑i‑n‑¸‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑s‑X‑´‑n‑\‑v.

{‑]‑t‑e‑m‑]‑W‑§‑Ä‑¡‑p‑w‑ {‑]‑t‑N‑m‑X‑\‑§‑Ä‑¡‑p‑w‑ h‑g‑§‑m‑s‑X A‑c‑p‑s‑X‑¶‑v

]‑d‑b‑m‑\‑p‑w‑ c‑p‑N‑n‑¡‑c‑p‑s‑X‑¶‑v ‑t‑X‑m‑¶‑m‑\‑p‑w‑ I‑g‑n‑b‑W‑w‑. e‑l‑c‑n‑ X‑c‑p‑¶‑ B‑\‑µ‑w‑

s‑s‑\‑a‑n‑j‑n‑I‑h‑p‑w‑ B‑\‑µ‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑h‑c‑p‑s‑S `‑m‑h‑n‑ \‑m‑i‑¯‑n‑e‑p‑a‑m‑W‑v.

h‑n‑Z‑y‑m‑À‑°‑n‑I‑t‑f‑m‑S‑v

B‑t‑L‑m‑j‑§‑f‑p‑s‑S B‑\‑µ‑§‑s‑f B‑À‑`‑m‑S‑a‑m‑¡‑p‑¶‑ ]‑m‑X‑n‑c‑m‑h‑n‑s‑â \‑n‑i‑

Ð‑X‑b‑n‑Â‑ X‑s‑â a‑¡‑Ä‑ h‑o‑«‑n‑e‑p‑s‑ï‑¶‑ h‑n‑i‑‑z‑m‑k‑¯‑n‑\‑p‑w‑ A‑g‑n‑ª‑m‑S‑p‑¶‑ I‑q‑S‑n‑

t‑¨‑c‑e‑n‑e‑p‑w‑ I‑q‑«‑¯‑n‑e‑p‑w‑ X‑s‑â a‑¡‑Ä‑ D‑ï‑m‑I‑n‑s‑Ã‑¶‑v [‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑n‑\‑p‑w‑ a‑p‑¼‑v

A‑¡‑q‑«‑¯‑n‑Â‑ C‑s‑Ã‑¶‑v D‑d‑¸‑n‑¡‑W‑w‑. A‑h‑c‑p‑s‑S k‑u‑l‑r‑Z‑h‑p‑w‑

_‑Ô‑§‑f‑p‑w‑ A‑t‑\‑z‑j‑n‑¡‑W‑w‑

c‑£‑n‑X‑m‑¡‑t‑f‑m‑S‑v

e‑l‑c‑n‑ h‑k‑v‑X‑p‑¡‑Ä‑ F‑¯‑n‑¨‑v X‑¶‑m‑Â‑ R‑§‑Ä‑ h‑c‑m‑w‑ F‑¶‑v H‑c‑p‑ I‑q‑«‑w‑

]‑d‑b‑p‑¶‑X‑v \‑n‑§‑Ä‑ I‑m‑c‑W‑a‑m‑t‑W‑m. ‑s‑I‑m‑S‑n‑ D‑b‑c‑m‑³‑‑, A‑[‑n‑I‑m‑c‑w‑ ‑t‑\‑S‑m‑³‑‑,

]‑I‑ X‑o‑À‑¡‑m‑³‑ B‑s‑f I‑q‑«‑n‑ ‑s‑]‑c‑p‑¸‑w‑ I‑m‑W‑n‑¨‑v X‑e‑ D‑b‑À‑¯‑n‑ \‑S‑¡‑m‑³‑ ‑t‑h‑ï‑n‑

\‑n‑§‑s‑f‑´‑n‑\‑m‑W‑v ]‑m‑À‑«‑n‑ ‑t‑e‑_‑e‑n‑Â‑ H‑c‑p‑ k‑!‑!s‑s‑‑!‑!‑t‑¡‑m X‑e‑a‑p‑d‑¡‑v e‑l‑c‑n‑

\‑Â‑I‑n‑ X‑e‑I‑p‑\‑n‑¸‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑v. k‑a‑q‑l‑¯‑n‑\‑v ‑t‑\‑À‑h‑g‑n‑ I‑m‑W‑n‑¨‑v ‑

s‑I‑m‑S‑p‑¡‑p‑I‑ F‑¶‑ c‑m‑{‑ã‑o‑b‑ Z‑‑u‑X‑y‑w‑ \‑n‑d‑t‑h‑ä‑m‑³‑ e‑l‑c‑n‑t‑b‑m‑S‑v

k‑Ô‑n‑b‑n‑Ã‑m‑ k‑a‑c‑w‑ ‑s‑N‑¿‑m‑³‑ X‑¿‑m‑d‑m‑I‑W‑w‑.

c‑m‑{‑ã‑o‑b‑¡‑m‑t‑c‑m‑S‑v

\‑n‑§‑f‑p‑s‑S h‑g‑n‑b‑n‑Â‑ ]‑n‑¶‑n‑Â‑ H‑c‑p‑ I‑q‑«‑w‑ h‑c‑p‑¶‑p‑‑, A‑h‑À‑ a‑m‑X‑r‑I‑b‑m‑I‑p‑¶‑p‑.

\‑n‑§‑Ä‑ \‑m‑S‑n‑s‑â I‑m‑h‑Â‑ `‑S‑·‑m‑À‑ B‑W‑v. \‑m‑S‑n‑s‑â k‑v‑]‑µ‑\‑w‑ h‑o‑«‑p‑I‑m‑t‑c‑¡‑m‑Ä‑

A‑d‑n‑b‑p‑¶‑h‑À‑. \‑Ã‑ X‑e‑a‑p‑d‑b‑p‑s‑S \‑Ã‑ h‑g‑n‑I‑f‑m‑h‑p‑I‑.

b‑p‑h‑m‑¡‑t‑f‑m‑S‑v

s‑I‑m‑S‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S \‑n‑d‑t‑a‑m X‑d‑h‑m‑S‑n‑s‑â a‑l‑X‑‑z‑s‑a‑m ‑t‑\‑m‑¡‑m‑s‑X \‑S‑]‑S‑n‑ F‑S‑p‑¡‑m‑\‑p‑w‑

X‑S‑b‑m‑\‑p‑w‑ \‑n‑§‑Ä‑¡‑v k‑m‑[‑n‑¡‑W‑w‑. F‑{‑X‑ ‑t‑_‑m‑[‑h‑Â‑¡‑c‑W‑w‑ \‑S‑¯‑n‑b‑m‑e‑p‑w‑

\‑n‑b‑a‑]‑m‑e‑I‑c‑p‑s‑S k‑l‑m‑b‑t‑a‑m k‑l‑I‑c‑W‑t‑a‑m C‑Ã‑m‑s‑X e‑l‑c‑n‑ D‑]‑t‑b‑m‑K‑w‑

\‑n‑À‑a‑m‑À‑P‑\‑w‑ ‑s‑N‑¿‑m‑³‑ k‑m‑[‑n‑¡‑n‑Ã‑.

D‑t‑Z‑y‑m‑K‑k‑v‑Y‑t‑c‑m‑S‑v

R§Ä-¡v ]-d-bm-\pÅXv

2 3

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

1987 Unkw_À apXemWv sFIycm{ã k` temI elcnhncp²

Zn\w BNcn¨p XpS§nbXv. temIs¯¼mSpapÅ Ip«nIfnepw Iuamc¡mcnepw

ab¡pacp¶nsâ hn]¯pIsf¡pdn¨v t_m[hÂ¡cWw \S¯pI F¶XmWv

Cu Zn\w BNcn¡p¶XneqsS e£yanSp¶Xv. elcn D]tbmK¯neqsS Hcp

hyàn¡v am{XaÃ kaql¯n\pw IqsSbmWv AXnsâ `hnjy¯v

A\p`hnt¡n hcnI. \nÀ½mWmßIamb P\m[n]Xy {]{Inb \ne

\nÂ¡p¶ cmPy¯v ]ucsâ BtcmKyw kaql¯nsâbpw, cmPy¯nsâbpw

IqSnbmWv. AXpsImv Xs¶ AXnsâ kwc£Ww Hcp Iq«mb

D¯chmZn¯amWv.

elcnþaZy hkvXp¡fpsS D]tbmKw kaql¯nÂ {]mbt`Zat\y

{IaXoXambn hÀ²n¨psImncn¡ p¶ Cu kmlNcy¯nÂ aqÀ¡\mSv

]©mb¯v Fw. Fkv. F^v I½nänbpsS Cu CSs]SÂ F´psImpw

DNnXhpw, t{]mÕmln¸n¡s¸tSXpamWv.

Cu amKmknsâ AWnbdbnÂ {]hÀ¯n¨ FÃmhÀ¡pw

lrZbwKamamb A`n\µ\§Ä.

a-ª-fmw-Ip-gn Aen

1987 U‑n‑k‑w‑_‑À‑ a‑p‑X‑e‑m‑W‑v s‑F‑I‑y‑c‑m‑{‑ã‑

k‑`‑ ‑t‑e‑m‑I‑ e‑l‑c‑n‑h‑n‑c‑p‑²‑ Z‑n‑\‑w‑ B‑N‑c‑n‑¨‑p‑

X‑p‑S‑§‑n‑b‑X‑v. ‑t‑e‑m‑I‑s‑¯‑¼‑m‑S‑p‑a‑p‑Å‑ I‑p‑«‑n‑

I‑f‑n‑e‑p‑w‑ I‑‑u‑a‑m‑c‑¡‑m‑c‑n‑e‑p‑w‑ a‑b‑¡‑p‑a‑c‑p‑¶‑n‑s‑â

h‑n‑]‑¯‑p‑I‑s‑f‑¡‑p‑d‑n‑¨‑v ‑t‑_‑m‑[‑h‑Â‑¡‑c‑W‑w‑

\‑S‑¯‑p‑I‑ F‑¶‑X‑m‑W‑v C‑u‑ Z‑n‑\‑w‑ B‑N‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑n‑

e‑q‑s‑S e‑£‑y‑a‑n‑S‑p‑¶‑X‑v. e‑l‑c‑n‑ D‑]‑t‑b‑m‑K‑¯‑n‑e‑q‑s‑S

H‑c‑p‑ h‑y‑à‑n‑¡‑v a‑m‑{‑X‑a‑Ã‑ k‑a‑q‑l‑¯‑n‑\‑p‑w‑ I‑q‑

s‑S‑b‑m‑W‑v A‑X‑n‑s‑â `‑h‑n‑j‑y‑¯‑v A‑\‑p‑`‑h‑n‑t‑¡‑

ï‑n‑ h‑c‑n‑I‑. \‑n‑À‑½‑m‑W‑m‑ß‑I‑a‑m‑b‑ P‑\‑m‑[‑n‑]‑

X‑y‑ {‑]‑{‑I‑n‑b‑ \‑n‑e‑ \‑n‑Â‑¡‑p‑¶‑ c‑m‑P‑y‑¯‑v ]‑‑u‑c‑s‑â

B‑t‑c‑m‑K‑y‑w‑ k‑a‑q‑l‑¯‑n‑s‑â‑b‑p‑w‑‑, c‑m‑P‑y‑¯‑n‑s‑â‑b‑p‑w‑

I‑q‑S‑n‑b‑m‑W‑v. A‑X‑p‑s‑I‑m‑ï‑v X‑s‑¶ A‑X‑n‑s‑â k‑w‑

c‑£‑W‑w‑ H‑c‑p‑ I‑q‑«‑m‑b‑ D‑¯‑c‑h‑m‑Z‑n‑¯‑a‑m‑W‑v.

e‑l‑c‑n‑a‑Z‑y‑ h‑k‑v‑X‑p‑¡‑f‑p‑s‑S D‑]‑t‑b‑m‑K‑w‑

k‑a‑q‑l‑¯‑n‑Â‑ {‑]‑m‑b‑t‑`‑Z‑a‑t‑\‑y {‑I‑a‑X‑o‑X‑a‑m‑b‑n‑

h‑À‑²‑n‑¨‑p‑s‑I‑m‑ï‑n‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑ C‑u‑ k‑m‑l‑N‑c‑y‑

¯‑n‑Â‑ a‑q‑À‑¡‑\‑m‑S‑v ]‑©‑m‑b‑¯‑v F‑w‑. F‑k‑v. F‑^‑v

I‑½‑n‑ä‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S C‑u‑ C‑S‑s‑]‑S‑Â‑ F‑´‑p‑s‑I‑m‑ï‑p‑w‑

D‑N‑n‑X‑h‑p‑w‑‑, ‑t‑{‑]‑m‑Õ‑m‑l‑n‑¸‑n‑¡‑s‑¸‑t‑S‑ï‑X‑p‑a‑m‑W‑v.

C‑u‑ a‑m‑K‑k‑n‑s‑â A‑W‑n‑b‑d‑b‑n‑Â‑ {‑]‑h‑À‑

¯‑n‑¨‑ F‑Ã‑m‑h‑À‑¡‑p‑w‑ l‑r‑Z‑b‑w‑K‑a‑m‑a‑m‑b‑

A‑`‑n‑\‑µ‑\‑§‑Ä‑.

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

2 3

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

msf Moorkkanad PC

I‑m‑e‑w‑ I‑c‑p‑X‑n‑s‑h‑¨‑ a‑m‑c‑n‑I‑f‑p‑w‑ ‑s‑I‑S‑p‑X‑n‑I‑f‑p‑w‑ H‑¶‑n‑\‑p‑

]‑n‑d‑s‑I H‑s‑¶‑m‑¶‑m‑b‑v I‑S‑¶‑p‑ h‑c‑p‑¶‑t‑X‑m‑S‑v I‑q‑s‑S h‑n‑Z‑y‑m‑À‑

°‑n‑I‑f‑S‑¡‑w‑ ]‑e‑c‑p‑w‑ e‑l‑c‑n‑b‑n‑Â‑ A‑`‑b‑w‑ ‑t‑X‑S‑p‑¶‑X‑v X‑o‑À‑

¯‑p‑w‑ A‑]‑e‑]‑\‑o‑b‑a‑m‑W‑v.

Z‑n‑t‑\‑s‑\ h‑m‑À‑¯‑m‑ a‑m‑[‑y‑a‑§‑f‑n‑e‑q‑s‑S ]‑p‑d‑¯‑v h‑c‑p‑¶‑

I‑W‑¡‑p‑I‑Ä‑ ‑s‑R‑«‑n‑¸‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑m‑W‑v F‑¶‑m‑Â‑ F‑{‑X‑t‑b‑m

I‑W‑¡‑p‑I‑Ä‑ ‑s‑h‑f‑n‑s‑¸‑S‑m‑s‑X c‑l‑k‑y‑a‑m‑b‑n‑ X‑s‑¶ H‑X‑p‑§‑n‑

I‑q‑S‑p‑¶‑p‑ F‑´‑n‑c‑p‑¶‑m‑e‑p‑w‑ k‑m‑a‑q‑l‑n‑I‑ ‑s‑I‑«‑p‑d‑¸‑n‑s‑\ X‑¨‑p‑S‑

¡‑m‑\‑p‑w‑‑, a‑m‑\‑h‑n‑I‑ a‑q‑e‑y‑s‑¯ a‑m‑b‑v‑¨‑p‑ I‑f‑b‑m‑\‑p‑w‑ \‑n‑[‑m‑\‑a‑m‑W‑v

e‑l‑c‑n‑ F‑¶‑ ‑t‑_‑m‑t‑[‑m‑Z‑b‑w‑ ‑t‑e‑m‑I‑¯‑m‑I‑a‑m‑\‑w‑ D‑Z‑n‑¨‑p‑b‑c‑s‑«.

‑t‑e‑m‑I‑¯‑m‑I‑a‑m‑\‑w‑ A‑\‑o‑X‑n‑I‑Ä‑s‑¡‑X‑n‑c‑m‑b‑ ‑t‑]‑m‑c‑m‑«‑

§‑Ä‑¡‑v X‑n‑c‑n‑ ‑s‑I‑m‑f‑p‑¯‑n‑b‑X‑v A‑h‑n‑S‑§‑f‑n‑s‑e h‑n‑Z‑y‑m‑À‑°‑n‑

I‑f‑m‑W‑v.

c‑m‑P‑y‑s‑¯ P‑\‑m‑[‑n‑]‑X‑y‑ h‑y‑h‑k‑v‑Y‑n‑X‑n‑s‑b k‑w‑c‑£‑n‑t‑¡‑ï‑

‑s‑\‑S‑p‑w‑ X‑q‑W‑p‑I‑f‑m‑t‑I‑ï‑ h‑n‑Z‑y‑m‑À‑Y‑n‑I‑Ä‑ e‑l‑c‑n‑¡‑v A‑S‑n‑a‑

s‑¸‑«‑p‑I‑q‑S‑m‑.

a‑m‑d‑p‑¶‑ I‑m‑e‑L‑«‑¯‑n‑Â‑ A‑`‑b‑a‑m‑b‑n‑ e‑l‑c‑n‑s‑b I‑m‑

W‑p‑¶‑ b‑p‑h‑X‑e‑a‑p‑d‑s‑b a‑m‑\‑h‑n‑I‑ ‑t‑_‑m‑[‑t‑¯‑m‑s‑S ‑t‑\‑

c‑m‑b‑ ]‑m‑X‑b‑n‑t‑e‑¡‑v h‑g‑n‑I‑m‑W‑n‑¡‑p‑I‑ F‑¶‑ e‑£‑y‑t‑¯‑m‑s‑S

F‑w‑ F‑k‑v F‑^‑v a‑q‑À‑¡‑\‑m‑S‑v ]‑©‑m‑b‑¯‑v I‑½‑n‑ä‑n‑ C‑d‑¡‑p‑¶‑

"N‑n‑X‑e‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑ a‑k‑v‑X‑n‑j‑v‑I‑§‑Ä‑' F‑¶‑ a‑m‑K‑k‑n‑\‑v F‑Ã‑m‑

h‑n‑[‑ `‑m‑h‑p‑I‑§‑f‑p‑w‑ ‑t‑\‑c‑p‑¶‑p‑.

e‑l‑c‑n‑b‑n‑e‑a‑c‑p‑¶‑ I‑‑u‑a‑m‑c‑s‑¯‑b‑S‑¡‑w‑ P‑o‑h‑n‑X‑¯‑n‑t‑e‑¡‑v

X‑n‑c‑n‑s‑I‑s‑b‑¯‑n‑¡‑m‑³‑ C‑u‑ D‑Z‑y‑a‑¯‑n‑\‑v I‑g‑n‑b‑s‑« F‑¶‑m‑

i‑w‑k‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑p‑.

]‑n‑.‑s‑I \‑h‑m‑k‑v

(F‑w‑.F‑k‑v.F‑^‑v kwØm\ ‑{‑]‑k‑n‑U‑â‑v‑)

4 5

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

]‑p‑X‑n‑b‑ I‑m‑e‑ k‑m‑l‑N‑c‑y‑§‑f‑n‑Â‑ k‑a‑q‑l‑w‑ ‑t‑\‑c‑n‑S‑p‑¶‑ ‑s‑h‑

Ã‑p‑h‑n‑f‑n‑I‑f‑n‑b‑m‑W‑v e‑l‑c‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S h‑y‑]‑\‑h‑p‑w‑ D‑]‑t‑b‑m‑K‑h‑p‑w‑.

\‑n‑b‑a‑w‑ h‑g‑n‑ \‑n‑b‑{‑´‑W‑w‑ ‑s‑I‑m‑ï‑p‑h‑c‑p‑¶‑X‑n‑t‑\‑¡‑m‑Ä‑

{‑]‑m‑[‑m‑\‑y‑a‑m‑W‑v D‑]‑t‑b‑m‑K‑w‑ h‑g‑n‑ D‑ï‑m‑I‑p‑¶‑ B‑t‑c‑m‑K‑y‑‑,

k‑m‑a‑q‑l‑n‑I‑ {‑]‑X‑y‑m‑L‑m‑X‑§‑s‑f I‑p‑d‑n‑¨‑v ‑t‑_‑m‑[‑ h‑Â‑¡‑c‑

W‑w‑ \‑S‑¯‑n‑ e‑l‑c‑n‑ D‑]‑t‑b‑m‑K‑w‑ I‑p‑d‑¡‑p‑I‑ F‑¶‑X‑v. e‑l‑c‑n‑

s‑¡‑X‑n‑s‑c ‑t‑_‑m‑[‑h‑Â‑¡‑c‑W‑w‑ e‑£‑y‑w‑ ‑s‑h‑¨‑v F‑w‑.F‑k‑v.F‑^‑v

a‑q‑À‑¡‑\‑m‑S‑v ]‑©‑m‑b‑¯‑v I‑½‑ä‑n‑ ]‑p‑d‑¯‑n‑d‑¡‑p‑¶‑ a‑m‑K‑k‑n‑\‑v

F‑Ã‑m‑ h‑n‑[‑ B‑i‑w‑k‑I‑f‑p‑w‑

k‑v‑t‑\‑l‑m‑`‑n‑h‑m‑[‑y‑§‑t‑f‑m‑s‑S

F‑w‑s‑I d‑^‑o‑J‑

{‑]‑k‑n‑U‑â‑v , P‑n‑Ã‑m‑]‑©‑m‑b‑¯‑v a‑e‑¸‑p‑d‑w ‑‑

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

4 5

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

msf Moorkkanad PC

Musr Kolathur

Intoxication

Mohammed shihab KT

Health Inspector, Pang PHC

I‑p‑ª‑n‑t‑¡‑m‑a‑p‑ a‑m‑k‑v‑ä‑À‑

(e‑l‑c‑n‑ \‑n‑À‑a‑m‑À‑P‑\‑ k‑a‑n‑X‑n‑ k‑w‑k‑v‑Y‑m‑\‑ P‑\‑d‑Â‑ s‑k‑{‑I‑«‑dn‑)

t‑h‑W‑w‑e‑l‑c‑n‑s‑¡‑X‑n‑s‑c

P‑\‑I‑o‑b‑ a‑p‑t‑¶‑ä‑w

A‑U ‑‑z‑: ‑s‑X‑m‑l‑m‑\‑n‑

(l‑c‑n‑X‑ a‑e‑¸pdw P‑n‑Ã‑ {‑]‑k‑n‑U‑â‑v)

c‑m‑{‑ã‑o‑b‑ a‑X‑k‑w‑L‑S‑\‑I‑Ä‑

I‑m‑w‑]‑b‑n‑\‑p‑I‑Ä‑ k‑w‑L‑S‑n‑¸‑n‑¡‑W‑w‑;

b‑p‑h‑X‑s‑b h‑o‑s‑@S‑p‑¡‑W‑w‑

k¿n‑Zv dm‑Pnl‑v Aen in‑lm‑_v

SKSBV kwØm‑\ {‑]‑k‑n‑U‑â‑v

elcn F‑¶ k‑À‑Æ‑\m‑in\n

d‑km‑Jv sIm‑f‑§‑c‑sXmSn

(‑t‑I‑c‑f‑ a‑Z‑y‑\‑n‑t‑c‑m‑[‑\‑ k‑a‑n‑X‑n‑ a‑e‑¸‑p‑d‑w‑ P‑n‑Ã‑ I‑½‑n‑ä‑n‑ ‑s‑a‑¼‑À ‑‑)

I‑e‑m‑e‑b‑ I‑y‑m‑¼‑k‑p‑I‑f‑n‑Â‑e‑

l‑c‑n‑ a‑m‑^‑n‑b‑

]‑n‑S‑n‑a‑p‑d‑p‑¡‑p‑t‑¼‑m‑Ä‑...

A`n-apJw

_n‑Pp‑ ]n‑

(‑ {]n‑h‑âo‑hv Hm‑^o‑kÀ‑, F‑Ivsskkv h‑Ip‑¸v

a‑e‑¸p‑dw‑ Pn‑Ã‑ ‑ssek¬‑ Hm‑^o‑kÀ‑, hn‑ap‑àn‑ an‑j‑³‑)

kzm‑Zn‑Jv Hm‑W‑¸p‑S‑, an‑JvZm‑Zv ‑ta¨o‑cn‑, kpssl_v B‑´q‑À‑, dn‑³‑jm‑Zv ]n‑.Sn‑,

khm‑Zv ‑sI.Sn‑, A‑ao‑³‑ C‑.Sn‑, kzm‑Zn‑Jv Fw‑.‑sI

DÅS¡w

e‑l‑c‑n‑ h‑k‑v‑X‑p‑¡f‑p‑w‑

b‑p‑h‑X‑e‑a‑p‑d‑b‑p‑w

Ptb‑jv sIm‑f‑¯qÀ

kzm‑Zn‑Jv Hm‑W‑¸p‑S‑, an‑JvZm‑Zv ‑ta¨o‑cn‑, kpssl_v B‑´q‑À‑, dn‑³‑jm‑Zv ]n‑.Sn‑,

khm‑Zv ‑sI.Sn‑, A‑ao‑³‑ C‑.Sn‑, kzm‑Zn‑Jv Fw‑.‑sI

I-©-m-h-v a-W-¡-p-¶- {-K-m-a-§-Ä-

\-½-p-s-S \-m-«-n-³- ]-p-d-§-f-n-Â- I-©-m-h-v. e-l-c-n- a-m-^-n-b-

I-Ä- ]-n-S-n- a-p-d-p-¡-p-¶-p-t-h-m...?

a-m-^-n-b-I-s-f X-p-S-¨-p- \-o-¡-m-³- \-½-Ä- H-ä-s-I-«-m-b-n- a-p-

¶-n-«-n-d-§-W-w-..-!

\-½-p-s-S A-\-p-P-·-m-À-¡-v -t-h-ï-n- a-¡-Ä-¡-v -t-h-ï-n-. \-m-s-f-

b-p-s-S X-e-a-p-d-b-v-¡-v -t-h-ï-n--,

b--u-h-\-s-¯ I-m-À-¶-v X-n-¶-p-¶- H-c-À-_-p-[-a-m-b-n- C-¶-v

I-©-m-h-v a-m-d-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p-. C-X-n-\-v A-S-n-a-I-f-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v

k-v-I-q-Ä- h-n-²-y-m-À-°-n-I-f-p-w- -t-I-m-t-f-P-v I-p-a-m-c-·-m-c-p-a-m-W-v.

C-X-v H-c-p- X-e-a-p-d-b-p-s-S \-i-o-I-c-W-¯-n-\-v X-s-¶ I-m-c-

W-a-m-h-p-w-.

H-c-p- I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-n-s-â a-p-g-p-h-³- {-]-X-o-£-I-f-p-a-m-b-n-

]-e-X-p-w- -s-]-d-p-¡-n-b-p-w- h-n-ä-p-w- I-n-«-n-b- ]-W-w- -s-I-m-ï-v _-m-K-v

-s-I-«-n- -s-]-c-p-¶-m-f-v I-q-S-m-³- -t-]-m-e-p-w- \-n-Â-¡-m-s-X A-d-_-n-

¸-W-h-p-w- -t-X-S-n- -s-]-c-p-¶-m-f-n-s-â X-t-e-Z-n-h-k-w- A-t-d-_-y-³-

`-q-a-n-b-n-t-e-¡-v B-Z-y-a-m-b-n- b-m-{-X- X-n-c-n-¡-p-¶- H-¶-p-a-d-n-b-m-¯-

H-c-p- k-m-[-p- b-p-h-m-h-n-s-â -s-s-I-¿-n-Â- -t-]-m-e-p-w- I-©-m-h-v

-s-]-m-X-n-t-b-Â-¸-n-¨-v N-X-n-¡-p-g-n-b-n-Â- h-o-g-v-¯-n-b-X-v \-½-p-s-S

\-m-«-n-Â- \-n-¶-p-w- ]-d-¶-p- h-¶- k-p-l-r-¯-n-s-\-b-m-W-v.

e-¡-v -s-I-«-h-s-\-´-v k-p-l-r-¯-v-, F-´-]-c-m-Z-h-p-w- -s-N-¿-m-³-

a-S-n-b-n-Ã-m-¯-h-c-m-b-n- a-m-d-p-¶-p- F-¶-X-m-W-v Z-p-J-I-c-w-.

h-n-Â-¡-p-¶-h-À-¡-p-w- h-m-§-p-¶-h-À-¡-p-w- ]-p-I-b-v-¡-p-¶-h-À-

¡-p-w- a-m-{-X-a-Ã--, b-m-s-X-m-c-p-h-n-[-¯-n-e-p-Å- D-f-p-¸-p-a-n-Ã-m-s-X

C-¯-c-¡-m-s-c ]-n-´-p-W-¡-p-¶-h-À-s-¡-X-n-s-c-b-p-w- \-m-w- -s-s-I-

t-I-m-À-¡-W-w- .

C-X-v D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶-h-s-c -s-]-«-¶-v X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-m-\-m-h-p-

¶-n-Ã- F-¶-X-m-W-v h-k-v-X-p-X- .

H-t-c-m Z-n-h-k-h-p-w- -s-R-«-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶- h-m-À-¯-I-f-m-W-v ]-p-d-

¯-v h-¶-v -s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. C-u- Z-p-c-´-s-¯ C-Ã-m-b-v-a-

-s-N-¿-m-³- \-m-w- H-m-t-c-m-c-p-¯-c-p-w- a-p-¶-n-«-n-d-t-§-ï- k-a-

b-w- A-X-n-{-I-a-n-¨-n-c-n-¡-¶-p-. I-©-m-h-v a-m-^-n-b-s-¡-X-n-s-c

EDITORS BOARD

Layout & Design: Mohammed Faiz MK 9846888106

i-à-a-m-b- \-S-]-S-n- k-z-o-I-c-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w- -t-]-m-e-o-k-v-, F-I-v-k-!-!s-s--!-!k-v

h-I-p-¸-p-I-Ä- I-p-d-¨-v I-q-S-n- P-m-{-K-X-t-b-m-s-S {-]-h-À-¯-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w-

-s-N-b-v-X-m-t-e X-I-À-¶-p- -t-]-m-I-p-¶- H-c-p- X-e- a-p-d-s-b \-a-p-¡-v

X-n-c-n-¨-p- -s-I-m-ï-v h-c-m-³- k-m-[-n-¡-q-.

{-K-m-a-§-f-n-Â- \-n-¶-v X-s-¶ C-X-v D-·-q-e-\-w- -s-N-¿-m-\-p-Å-

{-]-h-À-¯-\-§-Ä-¡-v X-p-S-¡-w- I-p-d-n-t-¡-ï-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p-.h-n-

Z-y-m-À-°-n- b-p-h-P-\- k-w-L-S-\-I-f-p-w- ¢-_-p-w-I-f-p-w- k-m-a-q-

l-y- t-k-h-I-c-p-w- C-u- h-n-]-¯-n-s-\-X-n-s-c a-p-¶-n-«-n-d-§-p-¶-X-v

{-]-i-w-k-n-\-n-b-w- X-s-¶-b-m-W-v.

C-X-v a-m-X-r-I-b-m-¡-n- \-n-b-a- ]-m-e-I-c-p-a-m-b-n- k-l-I-c-n-¨-v a-X-

k-w-L-S-\-I-Ä--, ¢-_-p-I-Ä--, k-m-w-k-v-I-m-c-n-I- k-w-L-S-\-I-Ä--, a-ä-v

I-p-«-m-b-v-a-I-Ä- -s-s-I-t-I-m-À-¯-p- -s-I-m-ï-v \-½-p-s-S \-m-S-n-s-\ _-m-

[-n-¨- C-u- A-À-_-p-[-s-¯ C-Ã-m-b-v-a- -s-N-¿-m-³- \-a-p-¡-v k-m-[-n-

¡-s-«.

t‑h‑W‑w‑

e‑l‑c‑n‑s‑¡‑X‑n‑s‑c

P‑\‑I‑o‑b‑

a‑p‑t‑¶‑ä‑w

I‑p‑ª‑n‑t‑¡‑m‑a‑p‑ a‑m‑k‑v‑ä‑À‑

(e‑l‑c‑n‑ \‑n‑À‑a‑m‑À‑P‑\‑ k‑a‑n‑X‑n‑

k‑w‑k‑v‑Y‑m‑\‑ P‑\‑d‑Â‑ s‑k‑{‑I‑«‑dn‑)

a-Z-y-]-m-\-w- A-S-¡-a-p-Å- e-l-c-n- D-]-

t-b-m-K-s-¯ H-c-p- Z-p-i-o-e-w- B-b-m-W-v

k-a-q-l-w- I-m-W-p-¶-X-v. F-¶-m-Â- b-Y-m-

À-°-¯-n-Â- C-s-X-m-c-p- -t-c-m-K-a-m-W-v.

B-Z-y-w- X-a-m-i-¡-p-w- a-ä-p-Å-h-À-¡-v

N-§-m-¯-w- -s-I-m-S-p-¡-m-³- -t-h-ï-n-b-p-w-

H-c-p- h-y-à-n- X-p-S-§-p-¶- e-l-c-n- D-]-

t-b-m-K- i-o-e-§-Ä- ]-e- k-µ-À-`-§-f-n-

e-q-s-S-b-p-w- X-p-S-c-p-I-b-p-w- X-p-S-c-p-I-b-p-w-

]-n-¶-o-S-v -t-a-m-N-\-a-n-Ã-m-¯-h-n-[-w- A-X-n-\-v

A-S-n-a-s-¸-S-p-I-b-p-w- -s-N-¿-p-¶-p-.X-p-S-À-

¨-b-m-b- a-Z-y-]-m-\-h-p-w- e-l-c-n-h-k-v-X-p-

¡-f-p-s-S D-]-t-b-m-K-h-p-w- h-y-à-n-b-p-s-S

a-m-\-k-n-I-i-m-c-o-c-n-I- -t-c-m-K-m-X-p-c-a-m-¡-p-

¶-t-X-m-s-S B- h-y-à-n- I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-n-

e-p-w- h-y-à-n- _-Ô-¯-n-e-p-w- -s-X-m-g-n-e-n-

S-§-f-n-e-p-w- {-]-i-v-\-¡-m-c-\-m-b-n- a-m-d-p-¶-p-.

X-p-S-À-¶-v a-p-g-p- I-p-S-n-b-s-\-t-¶-m a-b-¡-p-

a-c-p-¶-p-I-f-p-s-S A-S-n-a-s-b-t-¶-m a-p-{-Z-

I-p-¯-s-¸-«-v k-a-q-l-¯-n-\-p-w- I-p-S-p-w-_-

¯-n-\-p-w- `-m-c-a-m-b-n- X-o-c-p-w-.

Iu-a-m-c-¡-m-c-n-e-p-w- h-n-Z-y-m-À-Y-n-

I-f-n-e-p-w- a-p-¼-n-Ã-m-¯- h-n-[-w- e-l-

c-n- D-]-t-b-m-K-w- I-q-S-n-h-c-p-¶-X-m-b-n-

]-T-\-§-Ä- N-q-ï-n-¡-m-W-n-¡-p-¶-p-.

P-o-h-n-X-w- X-p-S-§-p-w- a-p-¼-v X-s-¶

]-m-³-a-k-m-e- I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w- a-Z-y-¯-n-

s-â-b-p-w- ]-n-S-n-b-n-Â- -s-]-S-p-¶- \-½-p-s-S

X-e-a-p-d- k-a-q-l-¯-n-\-p-w- c-m-{-ã-¯-n-

\-p-w- `-o-j-W-n-b-m-b-n- X-o-c-p-w-. e-l-c-n-h-

k-v-X-p-¡-f-p-s-S I-q-«-¯-n-Â- a-Z-y-¯-n-s-â

D-]-t-b-m-K-w- C-¶-v k-m-À-Æ- {-X-n-I-a-m-b-n-

«-p-ï-v. a-Z-y-]-m-\- -t-c-m-K-n-I-f-m-b-n- X-o-c-p-¶-

F-Ã-m-h-c-p-w- X-s-¶ B-Z-y-w- H-c-p- I-¼-

\-n-¡-v a-m-{-X-a-m-b-n- a-Z-y-w- c-p-N-n-¨-X-m-W-v.

C-§-s-\ a-Z-y-w- I-g-n-¨-p- X-p-S-§-p-¶-

]-¯-p-t-]-c-n-Â- a-q-¶-p-t-]-À- ]-n-¶-o-S-v

a-Z-y-]-m-\- -t-c-m-K-n-I-f-m-b-n- X-o-c-p-¶-

X-m-b-n- ]-T-\-§-Ä- k-q-N-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-p-.

-s-N-d-p-¸-¯-n-s-e a-Z-y-h-p-w- a-ä-p- e-l-

c-n- h-k-v-X-p-¡-f-p-w- D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¨-p- -t-\-m-

¡-p-¶-h-À- a-ä-p-Å-h-s-c A-t-]-£-n-¨-v

A-X-n-\-v A-S-n-a- -s-]-S-m-\-p-Å- k-m-[-y-X-

I-q-S-p-X-e-m-W-v.

C-§-s-\ e-l-c-n-b-p-s-S ]-n-S-n-

b-n-Â- A-S-n-a-s-¸-S-p-¶- ]-p-X-n-b- X-e-

a-p-d- I-S-p-¯- a-Õ-c-w- -t-\-c-n-S-p-¶-

k-m-a-q-l-y- b-m-Y-m-À-°-y-§-Ä-¡-v

a-p-¶-n-Â- ]-X-d-p-t-¼-m-Ä- A-X-n-s-\

-t-\-c-n-S-p-¶-X-n-\-v ]-I-c-w- C-¯-c-w- e-l-c-n-

10 11

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

h-k-v-X-p-¡-f-n-Â- A-`-b-w- {-]-m-]-n-¡-p-¶-p-.

a-m-\-k-n-I- k-w-L-À-j-§-f-n-Â- \-n-¶-v

X-Â-¡-m-e-w- -t-a-m-N-\-w- -t-\-S-m-\-p-w- k-m-

¼-¯-n-I- {-]-i-v-\-§-Ä- a-d-¡-m-\-p-w-

k-t-´-m-j-§-Ä- ]-¦-p-s-h-¡-m-\-p-w- k-¦-

S-§-Ä- h-c-p-t-¼-m-Ä- A-X-n-Â- \-n-¶-v

H-f-n-t-¨-m-S-m-\-p-s-a-m-s-¡ C-¡-q-«-À- e-l-c-n-

b-p-s-S -t-e-m-I-t-¯-¡-v b-m-{-X-b-m-I-p-¶-p-.

b-Y-m-À-°-¯-n-Â- P-o-h-n-X-¯-n-s-e {-]-i-v-

\-§-Ä-¡-v ]-c-n-l-m-c-w- I-m-W-m-\-p-Å-

-s-s-[-c-y-h-p-w- X-\-v-t-d-S-h-p-w- \-ã-a-m-b- h-c-m-

W-v C-§-s-\ I-®-S-¨-v C-c-p-«-m-¡-p-¶-X-v.

C-u- i-o-e-w- h-y-à-n-s-b h-n-j-a- h-r-

¯-¯-n-Â- F-¯-n-¡-p-¶-p-. {-]-i-v-\-

§-Ä- ]-c-n-l-c-n-¡-m-³- e-l-c-n-s-b

I-q-«-p-]-n-S-n-¡-p-¶-h-À- I-q-S-p-X-Â- {-]-i-v-

\-§-f-n-Â- A-I-s-¸-S-p-I-b-p-w- X-·-q-e-w-

I-q-S-p-X-Â- e-l-c-n- D-]-t-b-m-K-¯-n-t-e-¡-v

-t-]-m-I-p-I-b-p-w- -s-N-¿-p-¶-p-. C-u- h-n-

j-a- h-r-¯-X-¯-n-Â- \-n-¶-v h-y-à-n-s-b

-t-a-m-N-n-¸-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v N-n-I-n-Õ-b-p-s-S

`-m-K-a-m-b-n- B-Z-y-w- -s-N-t-¿-ï-X-v.a-d-h-n--,

B-{-I-a-t-W-m-Õ-p-I-X--, k-w-i-b-t-c-m-K-w--,

h-n-j-m-Z-t-c-m-K-w- X-p-S-§-n- e-l-c-n- D-]-t-b-m-

K-n-¡-p-¶-h-s-c ]-n-S-n-I-q-S-m-³- k-m-[-y-X-b-p-

Å-a-m-\-k-n-I- {-]-i-v-\-§-Ä- \-n-c-h-[-n-b-m-

W-v. a-Z-y-]-m-\-n- B-s-W-¦-n-Â- l-r-Z-b-w--,

I-c-Ä--,h-r-¡--, B-a-m-i-b-w--, X-e-t-¨-m-d-v

X-p-S-§-n-b- `-m-K-§-s-f-b-p-w- ]-p-I-b-n-e-

D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶-h-c-m-s-W-¦-n-Â- i--z-m-

k-t-I-m-i-w--, h-m-b--, -s-X-m-ï- X-p-S-§-n-b-

`-m-K-§-t-f-b-p-w- _-m-[-n-¡-p-¶- -t-c-m-K-

§-Ä- C-X-n-s-\-Ã-m-w- ]-p-d-s-a-b-m-W-v.

C-¯-c-w- i-m-c-o-c-n-I-a-m-\-k-n-I- -t-c-m-K-

§-Ä- ]-n-S-n-s-]-S-p-¶- h-y-à-n- B-h-s-«

e-l-c-n- -t-a-m-N-\-¯-n-\-p-Å- N-n-I-n-Õ-¡-v

X-¿-m- d-m-h-m-s-X C-h-b-n-Â- \-n-s-¶-Ã-m-w-

H-f-n-t-¨-m-S-m-\-m-b-n- X-p-S-À-¨-b-m-b-n- e-l-c-n-

h-k-v-X-p-¡-f-n-Â- A-`-b-w- {-]-m-]-n-¡-p-¶-p-.

C-¯-c-¡-m-s-c N-n-I-n-Õ-b-p-s-S ]-m-X-

b-n-t-e-¡-v -s-I-m-ï-p-h-c-p-I- F-f-p-¸-a-Ã-.

H-c-m-Ä- e-l-c-n-¡-v A-S-n-a-b-m-I-p-¶-X-v

]-e- L-«-§-f-n-e-q-s-S B-W-v. B-Z-y-

L-«-§-f-n-Â- e-l-c-n-h-k-v-X-p-¡-t-f-m-S-v

a-m-\-k-n-I-h-p-w- i-m-c-o-c-n-I-h-p-a-m-b-

A-S-n-a-¯-w- I-p-d-h-m-b-X-n-\-m-Â- N-n-

I-n-Õ ^-e-{-]-Z-h-p-w- F-f-p-¸-h-p-a-m-W-v.

F-¶-m-Â- C-X-v ]-e-t-¸-m-g-p-w- \-S-¡-m-d-n-Ã-

10 11

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

H-c-m-Ä- e-l-c-n-b-p-s-S ]-n-S-n-b-n-e-I-s-¸-«-v

A-h-k-m-\-L-«-¯-n-Â- F-¯-p-t-¼-m-Ä-

a-m-{-X-a-m-W-v _-Ô-p-¡-f-p-w- a-ä-p-w- N-n-

I-n-Õ-s-b-¸-ä-n- B-t-e-m-N-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.

C-u- k-a-b-¯-v -t-c-m-K-n-s-b ]-q-À-®-a-m-b-n-

-t-c-m-K-a-p-à-¡-Â- F-f-p-¸-a-Ã-. _-Ô-p-

¡-t-f-m k-p-l-r-¯-p-¡-t-f-m k-v-t-\-l-]-q-

À-Æ-w- D-]-t-Z-i-n-¨-m-t-e-m -t-]-m-e-o-k-n-s-\

-s-I-m-ï-v `-o-j-W-n-s-¸-S-p-¯-n-b-m-t-e-m

e-l-c-n- D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶-b-m-f-p-s-S

a-\-Ê-v a-m-d-n-Ã-. a-d-n-¨-v N-n-I-n-Õ-b-m-W-v

G-I-h-g-n-. C-X-m-h-s-« {-i-a-I-c-h-p-w- h-f-

s-c-\-m-Ä- \-o-ï-p-\-n-Â-¡-p-¶-X-p-a-m-W-v.

N-n-I-n-Õ-b-p-s-S B-Z-y-L-«-¯-n-Â- h-n-

d-b-Â--, O-À-±-n--, k-v-Y-e-I-m-e- h-n-{-`-m-´-n-

X-p-S-§-n-b- ]-n-·-m-ä- A-k-z-k-v-Y-X-I-Ä-

-t-c-m-K-n-b-n-Â- I-m-W-m-h-p-¶-X-m-W-v.C-u-

A-h-k-v-Y-b-n-Â- -t-c-m-K-n- N-n-I-n-Õ

A-h-k-m-\-n-¸-n-¨-v-N-n-I-n-Õ-m- -t-I-{-µ-¯-n-Â-

\-n-¶-p-w- H-m-S-n- -t-]-m-I-m-\-p-Å- k-m-[-y-X-

I-q-S-p-X-e-m-W-v. F-¶-m-Â- C-¯-c-w- A-k-z-

k-v-Y-X-I-Ä- X-m-Â-¡-m-e-n-I-h-p-w- a-c-p-¶-p-

I-Ä- -s-I-m-ï-p- a-d-n-I-S-¡-m-h-p-¶-X-p-a-m-W-v.

H-c-p- a-t-\-m-t-c-m-K- h-n-Z-K-v-[-s-â k-l-m-

b-¯-m-Â- -t-c-m-K-n-b-p-s-S a-m-\-k-n-I-m-

h-k-v-Y- h-n-i-I-e-\-w- -s-N-b-v-X-v e-l-

c-n- D-]-t-b-m-K-¯-n-t-e-¡-v -t-c-m-K-n-s-b

\-b-n-¡-p-¶- I-m-c-W-§-Ä- I-s-ï-t-¯-

ï-X-p-ï-v. C-X-\-p-k-c-n-¨-v k-!-!s-s--!-!-t-¡-m

-s-X-d-m-¸-n-b-m-W-v N-n-I-n-Õ-b-p-s-S B-Z-y-

L-«-w-. a-Z-y-]-m-\- -t-c-m-K-n-b-m-s-W-¦-n-Â-

a-Z-y-m-k-à-n- a-m-ä-p-¶-X-p-w- a-Z-y-t-¯-m-S-v

h-n-c-à-n- -t-X-m-¶-n-¡-p-¶-X-p-a-m-b- a-c-p-¶-p-

I-f-p-w- I-q-s-S \-Â-t-I-ï-X-p-ï-v.

-t-c-m-K-n-¡-p-w- _-Ô-p-¡-Ä-¡-p-w- -t-c-m-

K-s-¯ D-Ä-s-¡-m-Å-m-\-p-Å- I--u-¬-k-n-

e-n-§-p-w- {-]-[-m-\-a-m-W-v. N-n-I-n-Õ-¡-v

h-n-t-[-b-\-m-b- h-y-à-n- h-o-ï-p-w- e-l-

c-n-b-p-s-S h-g-n-b-n-t-e-¡-v -t-]-m-I-m-X-n-

c-n-¡-m-³- B-h-i-y-a-m-b- a-p-³-I-c-p-X-

e-p-I-Ä- F-S-p-¡-e-p-w- N-n-I-n-Õ-b-p-s-S

`-m-K-a-m-W-v. -t-c-m-K-n-¡-p-w- _-Ô-p-¡-

Ä-¡-p-w- -t-h-ï-{-X- £-a-b-p-w- \-n-Ý-

b-Z-m-À-V-y-h-p-a-p-ï-¦-n-Â- i-m-k-v-{-X-o-

b-a-m-b- N-n-I-n-Õ-b-n-e-q-s-S G-X-v

A-h-k-v-Y-b-n-e-p-Å- -t-c-m-K-n-t-b-b-p-w- P-o-

h-n-X-¯-n-t-e-¡-v X-n-c-n-¨-p-s-I-m-ï-p-h-

c-m-³- I-g-n-b-p-w-. k-À-¡-m-À- h-I- a-m-\-

k-n-I-m-t-c-m-K-y- -t-I-{-µ-§-f-n-e-p-w- -t-I-

{-µ- k-À-¡-m-c-n-s-â k-l-m-b-t-¯-m-s-S

{-]-h-À-¯-n-¡-p-¶- e-l-c-n-t-a-m-N-\- -t-I-{-µ-

§-f-n-Â- H-s-¡ N-n-I-n-Õ X-n-I-¨-p-w- k-u-

P-\-y-a-m-W-v. N-n-I-n-Õ-n-¨-p- -t-`-Z-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-

¶-X-n-t-\-¡-m-Ä- \-Ã-X-v -t-c-m-K-w- h-c-m-s-X

-t-\-m-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v C-¶-v ]-d-b-p-¶-X-v

e-l-c-n- D-]-t-b-m-K-¯-n-\-v I-m-c-y-¯-n-Â-

100%-s-i-c-n-b-m-W-v. A-X-p-s-I-m-ï-p-X-s-¶

h-n-Z-y-m-À-Y-n-I-f-p-w- I--u-a-m-c-{-]-m-b-¡-m-À-

¡-p-w- H-c-p- c-k-¯-n-\-v -s-]-s-«-¶-v a-p-X-n-À-¶-

b-m-Ä- B-h-W-s-a-¶- B-{-K-l-¯-n-t-\-m

H-c-n-¡-e-p-w- e-l-c-n- D-]-t-b-m-K-s-¯ I-p-d-n-

¨-v N-n-´-n-¡-c-p-X-v. k-n-\-n-a-I-f-n-e-p-w- a-ä-p-w-

C-ã-a-p-Å- \-m-b-I-³- a-Z-y-]-n-¨-v -s-N-¿-p-¶-

h-o-c-I-r-X-y-§-f-p-w- C-f-w-X-e-a-p-d-s-b

a-Z-y-]-m-\-¯-n-t-e-¡-v \-b-n-¡-p-¶-p-ï-v.

F-¶-m-Â- C-X-n-s-\-m-¶-p-w- b-m-Y-m-À-Y-y-h-p-

a-m-b-n- H-c-p- _-Ô-h-p-a-n-Ã-. a-Z-y-]-m-\-h-p-w-

a-b-¡-p-a-c-p-¶-p-I-f-p-w- H-c-p- h-y-à-n-b-p-s-S

I-g-n-h-p-I-s-f \-i-n-¸-n-¡-p-I-s-b-Ã-m-s-X

]-c-n-t-]-m-j-n-¸-n-¨-b-X-m-b-n- -s-]-«- H-c-p-

N-c-n-{-X-h-p-a-n-Ã-. k-n-\-n-a-I-f-n-s-e _-m-d-p-

I-f-n-Â- C-c-p-¶-v a-Z-y-]-n-¨-v U-b-t-e-m-K-v ]-d-

b-p-¶- \-m-b-I-s-c A-Ã- a-d-n-¨-v a-Z-y-]-n-¨-v

-s-X-m-g-n-Â- \-ã-s-¸-«-v ]-n-¨-¡-m-s-c -t-]-m-s-e

A-g-p-¡-p-N-m-e-p-I-f-n-e-p-w- a-ä-p- -t-_-m-[-a-n-

Ã-m-s-X h-o-W-p-I-n-S-¡-p-¶- I-p-S-n-b-·-m-s-c

-t-\-m-¡-n-b-m-W-v \-m-w- e-l-c-n- ]-T-n-¡-v

]-p-d-¯-v \-n-À-t-¯-ï-X-v.100%-t-Z-m-j-

h-p-w-0%K-p-W-h-p-w- a-m-{-X-h-p-a-p-Å- i-o-e-

a-m-W-v e-l-c-n- D-]-t-b-m-K-w-. b-m-Y-m-À-

°-y-w- a-\-Ê-n-e-m-¡-n- H-c-p- -t-c-m-K-s-¯

F-§-s-\ \-½-Ä- {-]-X-n-t-c-m-[-n-¡-p-¶-p-.

A-X-p-t-]-m-s-e e-l-c-n- h-k-v-X-p-¡-s-f

a-m-ä-n-\-n-À-¯-p-I-.

12 13

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

I-m-a-p-I-o- `-m-h-¯-n-Â-

h-i-y-a-m-b-v N-n-c-n-X-p-I-n-

\-o- F-s-¶ -t-X-S-n-b-t-¸-m-f-m

a-m-k-v-a-c-n-I- N-n-c-n-b-n-Â-

R-m-\-p-w- h-o-W-p-t-]-m-b-v.

B-Z-y-a-m-Z-y-w- h-e-n-¨-p-X-p-S-§-n-

]-n-s-¶ I-p-S-n-¡-e-m-b-n- R-m-³-

]-n-s-¶ ]-n-s-¶ I-p-¯-n-s-h-¡

e-p-I-f-X-v l-c-a-m-s-b-\-n-¡-v.

N-p-c-p-«-n- N-p-ï-n-\-S-n-b-n-Â-

X-n-c-p-I-n-b- ]-p-I-b-n-e-I-f-n-Â-

\-n-³- N-p-w-_-\-w- R-m-\-m-k-z-Z-n-¨-p-.

k-n-c-I-f-n-Â- ]-S-À-¶-p- I-b-d-n-

F-Ã-m-w- a-d-¡-p-¶- h-y-q-l-¯-n

\-d-I-f-n-t-e-s-¡-s-¶ X-f-f-n- \-o-.

A-d-n-ª-p- R-m-³- a-b-¡-p-¶-

\-n-³- a-m-{-´-n-I-t-a-\-n- X-³- K-Ô-w-.

k-z-b-w- I-¯-n-b-a-c-p-¶-X-d-n-b-m-s-X

R-m-³- \-n-³- D-·-m-Z-¯-n-Â-

a-\-w- a-b-§-n- \-o-´-n-X-p-S-n-¨-p-.

A-d-n-b-m-s-X -t-]-m-b-o- R-m-³-

\-o- F-³- -t-_-m-[-a-W-v-U-e-s-¯

N-q-g-v-s-¶-S-p-¡-p-I-b-m-s-W-¶-v.

A-{-X-t-a-Â- R-m-³- {-]-W-b-n-¨-

\-n-³- I-c-e-m-f-\-w- F-s-¶

I-p-g-n-b-n-e-I-s-¸-S-p-X-p-I-b-m-s-W-¶-v.

C-¶-o- ]-S-À-¶-p- I-b-d-p-¶-

I-p-´-n-c-n-¡-¯-n-³- K-Ô-h-p-w-

F-s-¶ a-t-\-m-l-c-a-m-¡-p-¶-b-o-

-s-h-Å-]-q-i-n-b- X-p-W-n-I-j-W-§-f-p-w-

-s-\-S-p-h-o-À-¸-n-S-p-¶- A-e-c-n-¡-c-b-p-¶-

F-s-â k-v-t-\-l-a-n-{-X-§-f-p-w-

]-d-b-p-¶-p- R-m-s-\-{-X-

]-c-m-P-b-s-\-¶-X-p-w- \-o- -

F-¶- I-m-a-p-I-n- F-{-X-a-m-{-X- -

-s-a-s-¶ X-I-À-¯-s-X-¶-X-p-w-.

c-p-N-n-¡-s-Ã t-k-m-Z-c-m-

-s-I-m-S-p-¡-s-Ã e-l-c-n- \-o-b-X-v.

H-S-p-h-n-Â- B-i- \-i-n-¨-v I-q-S-p

\-i-n-¨-o- -s-h-Å-¯-p-W-n-b-n-t-e-m-

C-c-p-f-d-I-f-n-t-e-m -s-I-m-ï-n-S-p-w- \-n-s-¶.

c‑p‑N‑n‑¡s‑Ã

t‑k‑mZ‑c‑m‑...

dlo‑a sj‑dn³ ]n.Sn

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

12 13

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

msf Moorkkanad PC

c‑m‑{‑ã‑o‑b‑ a‑X‑k‑w‑L‑S‑\‑I‑Ä‑

I‑m‑w‑]‑b‑n‑\‑p‑I‑Ä‑

k‑w‑L‑S‑n‑¸‑n‑¡‑W‑w‑;

b‑p‑h‑X‑s‑b

h‑o‑s‑@S‑p‑¡‑W‑w‑

A‑U ‑‑z‑: ‑s‑X‑m‑l‑m‑\‑n‑

]-e-t-¸-m-g-p-w- H-c-p- h-n-t-\-m-Z-¯-n-\-m-

b-n- X-p-S-§-p-¶-X-m-s-W-¦-n-e-p-w- ]-n-¶-o-

S-v e-l-c-n-¡-v ]-e-h-n-t-[-\- \-½-p-s-S

b-p-h-X- A-S-n-a-s-¸-«-v -t-]-m-I-p-I-b-m-W-v.

B-Â-¡-t-l-m-Ä- a-p-X-Â- a-b-¡-p-a-c-p-¶-v

h-s-c k-À-Æ-h-y-m-]-I-a-m-b- H-c-p- I-m-e-

¯-m-W-v \-½-f-p-Å-X-v. k-a-q-l-¯-n-s-â

\-m-\-m-t-a-J-e-b-n-e-p-Å-h-c-p-w- C-¶-v ]-e-

h-n-[- e-l-c-n-I-Ä-¡-v A-S-n-a-I-f-m-W-v. h-n-

Z-y-m-À-°-n-I-f-n-Â- -t-]-m-e-p-w- e-l-c-n-b-p-s-S

D-]-t-b-m-K-w- H-c-p-]-s-£ \-½-Ä- P-o-h-n-

¡-p-¶- C-u- I-m-e-L-«-¯-n-s-e -t-]-m-s-e

a-s-ä-m-c-n-¡-e-p-w- D-ï-m-b-n-¡-m-W-n-Ã-.

C-¶-v k-À-¡-m-À- X-s-¶ e-l-c-n-s-b

-t-{-]-m-Õ-m-l-n-¸-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. -t-I-m-h-n-U-v

h-y-m-]-\- `-o-X-n-b-n-Â- P-\-s-¯ h-o-«-p-X-

S-¦-e-n-Â- F-¶- -t-]-m-s-e h-o-S-p-I-f-n-Â-

A-S-¨-p-]-q-«-n-s-b-¦-n-e-p-w- a-Z-y-w- k-À-Æ-{-X-

e-`-y-a-m-¡-p-I-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p- k-À-¡-m-À-.

-t-I-m-h-n-U-v a-m-\-Z-W-v-U-§-Ä- I-m-ä-n-Â-

]-d-¯-n- X-n-¡-n-b-p-w- X-n-c-¡-n-b-p-w- B-b-n-

c-§-Ä- -t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-â h-g-n-t-b-m-c-§-

f-n-Â- A-t-§-m-f-a-n-t-§-m-f-w- h-c-n-\-n-Â-

¡-p-¶- I-m-g-v-N-I-Ä- \-m-w- I-ï-X-m-W-v.

A-¶-p-w- H-c-p- -t-\-c-s-¯ A-¶-¯-n-\-m-

b-n- ]-p-d-¯-n-d-§-n-b-h-³- -s-s-^-\-S-t-¡-

ï-n- h-¶-p-.

R-§-Ä- X-p-d-¡-p-I- _-m-d-p-I-f-Ã-

\-n-§-Ä- ]-q-«-n-b- k-v-I-q-f-p-I-f-m-s-W-¶-v

]-d-ª-v A-[-n-I-m-c-b-¯-n-t-e-d-n-b- ]-n-W-

d-m-b-n- k-À-¡-m-À- _-m-d-p-I-Ä- a-m-{-X-w- X-p-

d-¡-p-¶- I-m-g-v-N-¡-v -t-I-c-f-w- k-m-£-n-

b-m-W-v. \-q-d-p-I-W-¡-n-\-v _-m-d-p-I-f-m-W-v

]-n-W-d-m-b-n- k-À-¡-m-À- A-[-n-I-m-c-¯-n-

t-e-d-n-b- -t-i-j-w- k-w-k-v-Y-m-\-¯-v ]-p-X-p-

X-m-b-n- A-\-p-h-Z-n-¨-X-v.

-t-I-c-f-¯-n-Â- a-m-{-X-w- \-S-¡-p-¶-

K-m-À-l-n-I- ]-o-V-\-§-f-p-s-S-b-p-w- k-v-

{-X-o-I-Ä-¡-p-w- I-p-«-n-I-Ä-¡-p-w- F-X-n-

s-c-b-p-Å- A-X-n-{-I-a-§-Ä- a-p-X-Â-

-s-I-m-e-]-m-X-I-§-Ä- h-s-c-b-p-Å-

{-I-n-a-n-\-Â- I-p-ä-I-r-X-y-§-f-p-s-S

h-m-À-¯-t-b-m-s-S-m-¸-w- \-½-Ä- a-e-b-m-

f-n-I-Ä- h-m-b-n-¨-v i-o-e-n-¨-X-m-W-v {-]-

X-n- a-Z-y-e-l-c-n-b-n-e-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p- F-¶-v.

k-w-k-v-Y-m-\-¯-v \-S-¡-p-¶- K-m-À-l-n-I-

I-p-ä-I-r-X-y-§-f-n-Â- \-s-Ã-m-c-p- `-m-K-h-p-w-

\-S-¡-p-¶-X-v e-l-c-n-¡-v A-S-n-a-s-¸-«-h-

c-n-Â- \-n-¶-m-W-v.

(l‑c‑n‑X‑ a‑e‑¸pdw P‑n‑Ã‑ {‑]‑k‑n‑U‑â‑v)

14 15

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

k-v-{-X-o- k-p-c-£-s-b I-p-d-n-¨-v h-m-N-m-

e-a-m-I-p-¶- k-À-¡-m-À- F-t-´ C-¯-

c-w- I-m-c-y-§-Ä- I-ï-n-s-Ã-¶-v \-S-n-¡-p-

¶-p-. I-p-ä-I-r-X-y-§-f-n-Â- e-l-c-n-b-p-s-S

]-¦-n-s-\ k-w-_-Ô-n-¨-v h-n-i-Z-a-m-b-

H-c-p- ]-T-\-w- X-s-¶ \-S-t-¡-ï-X-m-W-v.

a-Z-y-e-l-c-n-b-n-Â- a-\-p-j-y-À- a-m-{-X-a-Ã-

a-r-K-§-Ä-¡-p-w- \-m-«-n-Â- c-£-b-n-Ã-. a-Z-y-

e-l-c-n-b-n-Â- K-À-`-n-W-n-b-m-b- ]-q-¨-s-b

-s-I-«-n-¯-q-¡-n- -s-I-m-¶- \-S-p-¡-p-¶- I-m-

g-v-¨- \-½-p-s-S-s-b-m-¶-p-w- a-\-Ê-n-Â- \-n-¶-v

a-m-ª-p- -t-]-m-I-m-\-m-b-n-«-n-Ã-.

C-s-X-m-¶-p-w- -t-]-m-c-m-ª-v C-\-n-

-s-I.F-k-v.B-À-.S-n-.k-n-. k-v-ä-m-â-p-I-

f-n-e-p-w- a-Z-y-w- H-g-p-¡-m-\-m-W-v k-À-

¡-m-À- ]-²-X-n-b-n-S-p-¶-X-v. C-\-n- _-Ê-v

b-m-{-X-¡-m-b-n- k-v-ä-m-â-p-I-f-n-Â- F-¯-p-¶-

k-v-{-X-o-I-Ä-¡-p-w- I-p-«-n-I-Ä-¡-p-w- -t-\-c-n-t-S-

ï-n- h-c-n-I- a-Z-y-]-m-\-n-I-s-f I-q-S-n-b-m-W-v.

h-n-h-m-l-w- -t-]-m-s-e ]-h-n-{-X-a-m-b- N-S-

§-p-I-Ä-¡-v -t-]-m-e-p-w- C-¶-v k-p-l-r-¯-p-

¡-Ä-¡-v H-¶-v I-q-S-m-³- a-Z-y-w- \-n-À-_-

Ô-a-m-W-s-{-X. F-t-§-m-«-m-W-v \-½-p-s-S

C-u- -t-]-m-¡-v.

k-À-¡-m-c-n-\-v a-Z-y-w- h-c-p-a-m-\- a-m-À-¤-

a-m-W-v. ]-s-£ P-\-§-f-p-s-S P-o-h-\-p-w- k-z-

¯-n-\-p-w- k-w-c-£-W-w- \-Â-t-I-ï-p-¶-

k-À-¡-m-À- X-s-¶ A-{-I-a-§-f-p-s-S

a-m-X-m-h-m-b- a-Z-y-w- k-À-Æ-{-X- h-y-m-]-I-

a-m-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. P-\-¯-n-s-â B-t-c-m-

K-y-¯-n-\-¸-p-d-w- h-c-p-a-m-\-w- a-m-{-X-w- I-m-

W-p-¶- k-À-¡-m-À- k-w-k-v-Y-m-\-¯-n-\-v

X-s-¶ A-]-a-m-\-a-m-W-v.

a-b-¡-p-a-c-p-¶-v A-S-¡-a-p-Å- e-l-

c-n- h-k-v-X-p-¡-Ä- I--u-a-m-c-¡-m-c-p-s-S

C-S-b-n-Â- C-¶-v h-f-s-c h-y-m-]-I-a-m-W-v.

c-m-{-ã-o-b- ]-m-À-«-n-I-f-p-w- a-X-k-w-L-S-\-I-

f-p-w- i-à-a-m-b- I-m-¼-b-n-\-p-I-Ä- C-u- h-n-

j-b-¯-n-Â- k-w-L-S-n-¸-n-t-¡-ï-X-p-ï-v.

e-l-c-n-¡-v A-S-n-a-s-¸-«-p-t-]-m-b- \-½-p-s-S

b-p-h-X-s-b \-a-p-¡-v h-o-s-ï-S-p-t-¡-ï-

X-p-ï-v. A-X-n-\-m-b-n- \-S-¯-p-¶- G-s-X-m-

c-p- \-o-¡-h-p-w- Ç-m-L-\-o-b-a-m-W-v.

14 15

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

C-S-d-p-¶-p- -s-s-I-I-Ä- -

C-c-¼-p-¶-p- -s-\-©-I-w-

C-Ã-m-b-n-Ã-m-b-n-\-n- P-o-h-n-X-w- _-m-¡-n-b-n-Ã-m-

\-i-n-¨-n-S-m-³--,

H-c-p- a-p-g-w- I-b-d-n-e-m-b-v

X-o-À-¡-m-\-m-h-n-Ã-s-b³- P-·-w-

R-m-s-\-¶- -"]-p-W-y-w--'

-s-s-Z-h-¯-n-³- h-c-Z-m-\-w- ..

e-l-c-n-X-³- I-m-W-m-¡-b-§-f-n-Â-

a-p-§-n- a-d-s-ª-{-X- {-]-X-o-£-I-Ä-

]-p-e-c-n-X-³- k-u-`-m-K-y-w- I-m-W-m-s-X

-t-]-m-s-b-{-X- \-m-f-p-I-Ä-

C-u-b-m-w-]-m-ä-I-Ä- I-W-s-¡ R-m-³-

h-o-W-p-t-]-m-b- N-X-n-¡-p-g-n-I-Ä- ..

P-o-h-n-X-\--u-I-b-n-Â- R-m-t-\-ä-p- h-m-§-n-b-

h-n-j-h-n-¯-p-I-Ä- ..

N-h-¨-p-X-p-¸-n-b-p-w- -,

]-p-I-¨-p-I-p-c-¨-p-w--,

H-g-n-¨-p-]-I-À-¶-p-w-

\-i-n-¸-n-s-¨-{-X- k-z-]-v-\-§-Ä-..

A-½-b-v-¡-p-w- -s-]-§-Ä-¡-p-w- -,I-c-p-X-e-m-t-I-

ï-n-b-n-c-p-¶-h-³- ..

{-]-n-b-t-X-m-g-n-¡-p-w--,I-p-ª-n-\-p-w- I-m-h-m-e-m-

t-I-ï-n-b-n-c-p-¶-h-³- ..

X-I-À-s-¯-{-X- -"_-Ô-§-Ä--'

X-o-À-s-¯-{-X- -"_-Ô-\-§-Ä--'

C-Ã-m-b-n-Ã-b-n-\-n- e-l-c-n-b-n-Ã-m-

P-o-h-n-X-t-¯-m-S-Ã-m-s-X ..

-t-N-mc-¯-n-f-¸-v I-q-S-n-bt-¸-mÄ-

P-o-h-n-X-a-§-v ]-p-I-¨-p-....

F-c-n-b-m-\-n-¯-n-c-n-

I-Å-n-³- X-p-Å-n-b-p-w-

k-z-mt-Zd-m-\-m-b-n-

a-b-¡-p-¶- a-c-p-¶-p-w-

I-q-«-nt-¨À-¯-p-.....

H-S-p-¡-w- P-o-h-n-X-a-§-v

I-p-«-nt-¨-md-m-b-n-...

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16 17

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

16 17

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

k-z-Ñ-k-p-µ-c-a-m-b- -s-s-h-b-à-n-

I-h-p-w- k-m-a-q-l-n-I-h-p-a-m-b- P-o-

h-n-X- ]-c-n-k-c-§-s-f A-X-n-³-s-d

k-I-e- k-u-µ-c-y-§-f-p-w- k-a-m-[-m-\-

h-p-w- C-Ã-m-b-v-a- -s-N-¿-p-¶- H-c-p- a-l-m-

h-n-]-¯-m-b-n- e-l-c-n-b-p-w- A-\-p-

_-Ô- ]-Z-m-À-°-§-f-p-w- \-½-p-s-S

P-o-h-n-X- ]-c-n-k-c-§-f-n-Â- {-K-k-n-¨-n-

c-n-¡-p-¶-p- F-¶-X-m-W-v h-m-k-v-X-h-w-.

k-m-[-m-c-W-¡-m-c-p-s-S P-o-h-n-X-w- a-p-

X-Â- k-I-e-c-p-s-S-b-p-w- P-o-h-n-X- ]-c-n-k-

c-§-f-n-Â- e-l-c-n- ]-Z-m-À-Y-§-Ä- k-r-ã-n-

¡-p-¶- h-n-]-¯-p-I-Ä- A-\-n-À-h-N-\-o-b-

h-p-w- A-X-n-`-o-I-c-h-p-a-m-b-n- X-o-À-¶-n-«-p-ï-v.

-t-I-h-e-a-m-b- -s-s-\-a-n-j-n-I-a-m-b- k-p-J-m-

\-p-`-q-X-n- F-¶-X-n-e-p-]-c-n- k-m-¼-¯-n-I-

h-p-w- B-t-c-m-K-y-]-c-h-p-w- k-m-a-q-l-n-I-

h-p-w- I-p-S-p-w-_-]-c-h-p-a-m-b- k-À-Æ- -t-a-

J-e-I-f-n-e-p-w- e-l-c-n-]-Z-m-À-Y-§-f-p-s-S

D-]-t-b-m-K-w- \-ã-§-f-p-w- Z-p-?J-§-f-p-w-

a-m-{-X-a-m-W-v k-r-ã-n-¨-n-«-p-Å-X-v.

c-m-P-y- A-X-n-À-¯-n-I-Ä-¡-p-w- a-X- h-n-

i--z-m-k-§-Ä-¡-p-w- A-X-o-X-a-m-b-n- e-l-

c-n-b-p-s-S D-]-t-b-m-K-h-p-w- h-n-]-W-\-h-p-w-

C-¶-v k-m-À-h-{-X-n-I-a-m-b-n- X-o-À-¶-n-«-p-ï-v

F-¶-X-p-X-s-¶ C-u- h-n-]-¯-v F-{-X-t-a-Â-

K-p-c-p-X-c-h-p-w- `-o-I-c-h-p-a-m- -s-¶-¶-v \-a-p-

¡-v a-\-Ê-n-e-m-¡-n- X-c-p-¶-p-.

I--u-X-p-I-¯-n-Â- X-p-S-§-n- P-o-h-n-X-

¯-n-Â- \-n-¶-v H-c-n-¡-e-p-w- a-m-ä-n- \-n-À-¯-m-

\-m-h-m-¯- h-n-[-w- `-o-X-n-X-a-m-b- -t-c-m-K-s-¯

-t-]-m-s-e {-K-k-n-¨-p-s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-

a-l-m-a-m-c-n-b-m-b-n- e-l-c-n-b-p-s-S h-n-]-¯-v

\-½-f-n-Â- C-¶-v k-m-À-h-{-X-n-I-a-m-W-v.

e-l-c-n-b-p-w- A-\-p-_-Ô- ]-Z-m-À-

°-§-f-p-w- \-n-X-y-P-o-h-n-X-s-¯ -t-]-m-

e-p-w- G-X-p- X-c-¯-n-e-m-W-v {-]-X-n-k-

Ô-n-b-n-e-m-¡-n-b-X-v F-¶-X-n-³-s-d

h-m-À-¯-m- h-n-t-i-j-§-Ä- Z-n-\-w-{-]-X-n-

\-½-f-n-t-e-¡-v Z-r-i-y-{-i-m-h-y- a-m-[-y-a-§-

f-n-e-q-s-S F-¯-n- -t-N-À-¶-p- -s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-

¡-p-I-b-m-W-v.

I--u-X-p-I-¯-n-\-m-b-n- B-c-w-`-n-

¡-p-¶- C-u- Z-p-i-o-e-w- I-m-«-p-X-o- -t-h-

K-¯-n-Â- h-f-À-¶-p- k-a-q-l-s-¯

elcn F‑¶

k‑À‑Æ‑\m‑in\n

k¿n‑Zv dm‑Pnl‑v Aen in‑lm‑_v

SKSBV kwØm‑\ {‑]‑k‑n‑U‑â‑v

16 17

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

16 17

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

msf Moorkkanad PC

I-o-g-v-s-]-S-p-¯-p-I-b-m-W-v. H-c-n-¡-e-p-w- X-n-c-n-

¨-p- I-b-d-m-³- ]-ä-m-¯- a-l-m- K-À-¯-¯-n-

t-e-¡-m-W-v e-l-c-n-b-p-s-S D-]-t-`-m-à-m-

¡-Ä- -s-N-¶-v ]-X-n-¡-p-¶-X-v F-¶-X-m-W-v

h-k-v-X-p-X-. B-t-K-m-f-h-y-m-]-I-a-m-b-n- e-l-

c-n-s-¡-X-n-c-m-b- {-]-X-n-t-j-[-k-a-c-§-Ä-

P-\-I-o-b- a-p-t-¶-ä-§-f-p-w- h-À-²-n-¨-p-

h-c-p-t-¼-m-g-p-w- P-\-§-Ä-¡-n-S-b-n-e-p-Å-

e-l-c-n-b-p-s-S k-z-m-[-o-\-w- {-I-t-a-s-W

h-À-²-n-¨-p-h-c-p-¶-p- F-¶- h-k-v-X-p-X-

B-i-¦-b-p-W-À-¯-p-¶- I-m-c-y-a-m-W-v.

P-m-X-n- a-X- {-]-m-b- -t-`-Z-a-t-\-y h-e-n-s-b-m-

c-p- `-m-K-w- e-l-c-n- H-c-p-¡-p-¶- A-]-I-S- N-p-

g-n-I-f-n-Â- -s-]-«-p- I-g-n-ª-n-«-p-ï-v F-¶-

X-m-W-v -t-h-Z-\-m-P-\-I-a-m-b- k-X-y-w-.

e-l-c-n- D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶-h-c-p-s-S F-®-

¯-n-e-p-ï-m-I-p-¶- C-u- h-À-[-\-h-v B-b-n-

c-n-¡-p--o `-m-h-n-/ h-c-p-w- I-m-e-¯-v a-m-\-h-

c-m-i-n- -t-\-c-n-S-p-¶- G-ä-h-p-w- h-e-n-b- `-o-j-

W-n-I-f-n-Â- H-¶-v F-¶-X-v k-p-h-y-à-w-.

]-p-X-n-b- c-q-]-§-f-n-e-p-w- `-m-h-§-f-n-e-p-w-

]-S-À-¶-p- ]-´-e-n-¡-p-¶- e-l-c-n-b-p-s-S

C-u- I-c-m-f-l-k-v-{-X-§-Ä-¡-v I-¿-m-a-w-

C-S-p-I- F-¶- {-i-a-I-c-a-m-b- Z--u-X-y-s-¯

I-p-d-n-¨-p-Å- H-m-À-½-s-¸-S-p-¯-e-m-W-v H-m-

t-c-m e-l-c-n-h-n-c-p-²- k-a-c-§-f-p-w- a-p-t-¶-

ä-§-f-p-w- \-a-p-¡-p- ]-I-c-p-¶- G-ä-h-p-w-

h-e-n-b- k-t-µ-i-w-.

_-p-²-n-b-p-w- X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-h-p-w- a-m-\-h-c-m-

i-n-s-b a-ä-p- P-´-p- a-r-K-§-f-n-Â-\-n-¶-v

h-y-X-y-k-v-X-a-m-¡-p-¶- G-ä-h-p-w- k-p-{-]-

[-m-\- L-S-I-a-m-W-v. F-¶-m-Â- e-l-c-n-

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C-h-s-b-m-s-¡-b-p-w- a-\-p-j-y-\-n-Â- \-n-¶-v

\-ã-s-¸-«-p- -t-]-m-I-p-t-¼-m-Ä- X-o-À-¯-p-w-

a-r-K-o-b-X-b-n-t-e-¡-v X-n-c-n-¨-p- -t-]-m-h-p-I-

b-m-W-v H-c-p- e-l-c-n- D-]-t-`-m-à-m-h-v.

P-o-h-n-X-¯-n-s-e k-I-e- A-\-p-`-q-

X-n-I-s-f-b-p-w- B-\-µ-s-¯-b-p-w- -t-I-h-

e-a-m-b-/-s-s-\-a-n-j-n-I-a-m-b- G-X-m-\-p-w-

a-n-\-n-ä-p-I-Ä-¡-p-w- a-W-n-¡-q-d-p-I-Ä-¡-p-w-

-t-h-ï-n- ]-W-b-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-h-c-m-W-v

e-l-c-n- D-]-t-b-m-à-m-¡-f-n-Â- a-n-¡-h-

c-p-w- .

I-r-X-y-a-m-b- A-h-t-_-m-[-¯-n-s-â

I-p-d-h-p-w- -s-I-«-g-n-ª- k-m-a-q-l-n-I- I-p-

S-p-w-_- h-y-h-k-v-Y-b-p-a-m-W-v C-¯-c-w-

e-l-c-n-D-]-t-b-m-K- k-w-k-v-I-m-c-s-¯

\-½-Ä-¡-n-S-b-n-Â- P-\-I-o-b-a-m-¡-p-¶-X-v.

e-l-c-n- D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶-h-À-¡-v

k-a-q-l-h-p-w- h-y-m-h-k-m-b-n-I-h-p-w- \-Â-I-n-

t-¸-m-c-p-¶- X-m-c-]-c-n-t-h-j-a-m-W-v a-s-ä-m-c-

À-°-¯-n-Â- e-l-c-n-b-p-s-S D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-

¶-h-c-p-s-S {-I-a-m-X-o-X-a-m-b- h-À-²-\-h-n-\-v

I-m-c-W-w-.

-t-I-«-p- ]-c-n-N-b-w- a-m-{-X-a-p-Å- D-Å- h-o-

c-y-t-a-d-n-b- e-l-c-n-]-Z-m-À-°-§-f-p-s-S -t-I-

{-µ-§-f-m-b-n- \-½-f-p-s-S N-p-ä-p-]-m-S-p-w- a-m-d-p-

t-¼-m-Ä- \-m-w- \-n-X-m-´-a-m-b- P-m-{-K-X-b-p-w-

h-y-à-n-P-o-h-n-X-¯-n-e-p-w- e-l-c-n- h-n-c-p-²-/

e-l-c-n- \-n-À-a-m-À-P-\- {-]-X-n-Ú- i-à-n-

s-¸-S-p-t-¯-ï-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p-.

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Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

People like to get drunk because

alcohol smacks your brain around in

a number of ways that feel pleasant,

or at least dierent, or at the very least

better than going without. And that’s

really how all mood-altering drugs

work. Which is generally OK, because

recreational drug use, including drink-

ing, doesn’t lead to addiction for most

people. But for those who get caught,

the fun soon disappears.

“Nothing is an oence which is done

by a person who at the time of doing

it, by reason of intoxication, was in-

capable of knowing the nature of the

act, or that what he is doing is either

wrong or contrary to law provided

that the thing which intoxicated him

was administered to him without his

knowledge or against his will.”

The above provision makes it clear

that voluntary drunkenness is no ex-

cuse for the commission of a crime.

Nevertheless, drunkenness, does not,

in the eye of the law, make an oence

more heinous. But if a man is made to

drink through stratagem or the fraud

of others or through ignorance or any

other means causing intoxication with-

out the man’s knowledge or against

his will, he is excused.

If a person, by the unskilfulness of

his physician or the connivance of his

enemies eats or drinks such a thing

as causes frenzy, this puts him in the

same condition with any other frenzy

and equally excuses him.

Section 84 of the Indian Penal

Code provides immunity from crim-

inal responsibility on the ground of

unsoundness of mind. Unsound-

ness of mind can be caused due to

madness, sickness, lunacy or intox-

ication. Thus, insanity brought on

by drunkenness is a good defence

provided it is caused involuntarily.

A person is said to be insane when

he does not, and cannot understand

the nature and quality of his act, or is

incapable of knowing that what he is

Intoxication

Musr Kolathur

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msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

doing is wrong or contrary to law. Intention or

guilty knowledge being an essential element of the

crime, the fact that the accused was intoxicated

at the time he committed the act may be taken

into consideration in deciding whether he formed

the intention necessary to constitute the crime.

In order to make the point clear, it would be

prudent to refer to the observations made by the

Court of Appeal in the famous case of Director of

Public Prosecutions v. Majewski. The facts of the

case in brief were:

In this case M, a drug addict, took about 20

tablets of deszedrine and the next evening he took

about eight tablets of barbiturate, he then went

into a public house to take a drink. There was a

disturbance and the landlord began to escort M’s

friend to the door. The friend cried, “He’s pulling

me out.” M got up, abused the landlord, butted

him in the face and punched a customer.

The landlord and the customers ejected the

pair from the bar, but they re-entered by forcing

the other door, and breaking a glass panel. M then

punched the landlord and started swinging a piece

of broken glass and injuring him. When the police

arrived, a erce struggle took place to get him out.

He shouted at the police, “You pigs, I will kill you all”,

and kicked two of the ocers. M said he could re-

member nothing of this incident. The Court found

on facts that M was able to respond to a request

for assistance by his companion; he was able to

direct his violence, and he was able to utter abuses

and issue threats before he attacked. Therefore,

on these facts his plea of intoxication was rejected.

In R. v. Tandi, the accused, a woman who was

habitually taking ‘yarmouth’ or ‘barley’ brand of

moderate alcohol daily consumed a full bottle

‘Vodka’ a highly intoxicant variety of liquor on the

day of incident. Having lost control over herself

and her emotions, and in a

t of aggression, she stran-

gulated her eleven years old

daughter to death.

She raised the plea of in-

sanity in her defence. But

the Court disallowed her

plea and observed that she

had deliberately and volun

tarily consumed a heavy

dose of highly intoxicant

‘Vodka’ instead of her usual

mild drink in order to lose

her mental ability to think

and act rationally. There-

fore, it was a clear case of

voluntary intoxication for

which the defence of insan-

ity must fail.

The High Court of

Madhya Pradesh in Je-

thuram Sukhra Nagban-

shi v. State, disallowed the

defence of involuntary in-

toxication to the accused

under Section 85 of IPC and

held that since the accused

drank liquor at persuation

of his father to alleviate

pain, the intoxication was

neither without his knowl-

edge nor could it be said to

be against his will.

The Court observed

that Section 85 lays down

the principle of English law

formulated by Baron Parke

in Pearson v. R., wherein it

was held that “voluntary

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msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

drunkenness is no excuse for crime.

If a party be made drunk by strate-

gies or the fraud of another, he is not

responsible”. Likewise this defence

may be allowed to a person who had

been made drunk by the fraud of an-

other or through ignorance, or co-

ercion practised by his friend or foe.

More recently, special treatment cen-

tres have been set up by social welfare

agencies to deal with alcoholics and

drug addicts. In Bombay, The Samar-

itans a social welfare agency is doing

commendable work in the area of reha-

bilitation of drug addicts. It is high time

that Government should also consider

setting up special treatment centres

for the rehabilitation of drug-addicts

and alcoholics.

The modern processes of devel-

opment have opened the oodgates

of oences and drug oences are no

exception to this global phenomenon.

It hardly needs to be stressed that alco-

holism and drug addiction are the o-

shoots of modern fast changing social

patterns, hence these twin problems

should be tackled in their socio-legal

perspective. Then only concrete results

may be possible.

Undoubtedly, intensive surveil-

lance on the border check-posts and

awareness among the public about

the evil eects of drug and alcohol ad-

diction have brought about a decline

in drug tracking in recent years but

much more still remains to be done in

order to eradicate this menace which

is damaging the moral fabric of Indian

society and culture.

Most people with alcohol problems

do not decide to make a big change out

of the blue or transform their drinking

habits overnight. Recovery is usually

a more gradual process. In the early

stages of change, denial is a huge ob-

stacle. Even after admitting you have

a drinking problem, you may make

excuses and drag your feet. It’s impor-

tant to acknowledge your ambivalence

about stopping drinking. If you’re not

sure if you’re ready to change or you’re

struggling with the decision, it can help

to think about the costs and benets

of each choice.

20 21

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Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

You made me be believe you were the cure of my every kind of pain

I had you wrapped around me while I let you to take control of my vein

You fooled that Iam in a beautiful world

And I had you for being in that magic world

At that point I didn’t know what changes you made in me

But you made it impossible to get a day with you

You take my control my freedom,If I didn’t choose you

You made myself so sick to where I was not knowing what to do

You had me convinced that you will be with me forever and make me happy

But later I found how much you changed my life ,you ruined me

Before I know it every one saw this side of me that was hurting them

I wanted to let you go and get you out of my way

So scared to tell someone imagining what would they say

It was a struggle but worth while ght

Because of now iam in and you are out of my life

Being sober turned me into a person I’ve always wanted to be

And that was the one day you would praying I would never see

Now iam doing the good thing I never imagined my self to do

And proudly iam saying iam doing them without you

“This is the thing that a person saying to the drug that made him addicted

for that.

Finally he realised his wrong and get rid from addiction “



Shahana K T

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msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

I-e-m-e-b-

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k-m-a-q-l-n-I- \-t-h-m-°-m-\-§-f-p-

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ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶- `-m-h-n- h-m-K-v-Z-m-\-§-

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k-m-a-q-l-n-I- L-S-\-b-n-Â- h-e-n-b- -t-X-m-

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C-¯-c-w- k-z-m-[-o-\-§-f-p-s-S ^-e-a-m-

b-n- \-½-p-s-S k-m-w-k-v-I-m-c-n-I- -s-s-]-

X-r-I-w- I-m-¯-v k-q-£-n-¡-m-³- \-a-p-¡-v

k-m-[-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w- -s-N-¿-p-¶-p-ï-v. h-y-

à-n-I-p-S-p-w-_- _-Ô-§-f-p-s-S D-u-j-v-

a-f-X- -s-X-f-n-b-n-¡-p-h-m-\-p-w- C-X-n-e-q-s-S

k-m-[-y-a-m-I-p-¶-p-ï-v. I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-n-s-â-

b-p-w- k-a-q-l-¯-n-s-â-b-p-w- c-m-{-ã-¯-n-s-â-

b-p-w- {-]-X-o-£-b-p-w- N-m-e-I- i-à-n-b-p-a-m-b-

\-½-p-s-S h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n- k-a-q-l-w- A-h-c-p-s-S

I-e-m-e-b- P-o-h-n-X-¯-n-Â- ]-c-k-v-]-c-w-

]-¦-v -s-h-¡-p-¶-X-p-w- B-À-Ö-n-s-¨-S-p-¡-p-

¶-X-p-a-m-b- A-d-n-h-p-I-f-p-w- A-\-p-`-h-§-

f-p-w- X-e-a-p-d-I-s-f \-Ã- \-S-¸-n-t-e-¡-v

-s-I-m-ï-v h-c-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w- A-X-n-s-â K-p-

W-w- k-a-q-l-¯-n-\-v F-¯-n-¨-v -s-I-m-S-p-

¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w- h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n-I-f-m-Â- k-m-

[-y-a-m-I-p-¶-p-ï-v.

\-h-o-\- B-i-b-§-f-p-s-S I-S-¶-v

I-b-ä-¯-n-e-q-s-S B-[-p-\-n-I-h-Â-¡-c-

W-¯-n-s-â -t-h-e-n-t-b-ä- - -t-h-e-n-b-n-d-¡-

§-Ä- a-m-d-n- a-m-d-n- I-ï-p-h-c-p-¶- h-À-¯-

a-m-\- I-m-e- I-e-m-e-b- N-p-a-c-p- I-Ä-¡-p-

Å-n-Â- B-h-n-j-v-I-m-c- k-z-m-X-{-´-y-¯-n-s-â

A-X-n-À- h-c-¼-p-I-Ä- e-w-L-n-¨-v ]--u-c- -t-_-m-

[-¯-n-s-e D-¯-c-h-m-Z-n-X--z-w- a-d-¶-v A-h-

I-m-i-¯-n-\-v -t-h-ï-n- a-m-{-X-w- a-p-d-h-n-f-n- I-q-

«-n- a-p-t-¶-d-p-t-¼-m-Ä- I-e-m-e-b- I-y-m-¼-

k-p-I-f-p-s-S N-p-a-c-p-I-Ä-¡-p-Å-n-Â- \-n-¶-v

k-a-q-l-w- -t-I-Ä-¡-m-³- B-{-K-l-n-¡-m-¯--,

-t-I-«-m-Â- A-d-¸-p-f-h-m-¡-p-¶- I-ï-m-Â-

a-p-J-w- -s-]-m-¯-n-t-¸-m-I-p-¶- [-m-c-p-

W-a-m-b- ]-e-X-p-w- C-¶-v \-m-w- -t-I-«-v

-s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. C-¯-c-w- k-m-

a-q-l-n-I- X-n-·-I-f-n-t-e-¡-v \-½-p-s-S

h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n-I-s-f B-c-m-W-v -s-I-m-ï-v

-t-]-m-I-p-¶-X-v F-¶-v A-t-\-z-j-n-¡-p-¶-n-

S-¯-p-\-n-¶-m-W-v I-y-m-¼-k-p-I-f-n-s-e

22 23

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

22 23

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

msf Moorkkanad PC

e-l-c-n- a-m-^-n-b-m- _-Ô-¯-n-s-â I-S-

¶-v I-b-ä-w- \-½-Ä- A-d-n-b-p-¶-X-v.

\-n-i-Ð-X-b-p-s-S H-m-c-¯-v \-n-¶-v

A-d-n-h-n-s-â X-n-c-a-m-e-I-f-n-t-e-¡-v F-S-p-

¯-v N-m-S-n- {-]-X-n-I-q-e-a-m-b- k-m-a-q-l-n-I-

]-m-Ý-m-X-e-s-¯ X-n-c-n-¨-v ]-n-S-n-¨-v

A-\-p-I-q-e-a-m-¡-n- ]-c-k-v-]-c- k-v-t-\-

l-¯-n-s-â-b-p-w- k-l-I-c-W-¯-n-s-â-

b-p-w- {-]-X-o-I-§-f-m-t-I-ï- \-½-p-s-S

h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n-I-Ä-¡-v F-´-m-W-v k-w-`-

h-n-¨-p-s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v F-¶-X-v I-m-

e-n-I- {-]-k-à-a-m-b- H-c-p- -t-N-m-Z-y-a-m-W-v.

a-Z-y-h-p-w- a-b-¡-v a-c-p-¶-p-w- \-Â-I-n- k-z-t-_-m-

[-w- \-ã-s-¸-«- H-c-p- h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n- X-e-a-p-d-

s-b B-c-m-W-v h-f-À-¯-n- F-S-p-¡-p-¶-X-v.

F-h-n-s-S \-n-¶-m-W-v C-u- I-q-«-p-s-I-«-p-

I-Ä- \-½-p-s-S h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n-I-Ä-¡-v

]-I-À-¶-p-I-n-«-n-b-X-v. C-s-X-m-s-¡ I-m-

e-n-I- {-]-k-à-a-m-b- H-c-p- A-t-\-z-j-W-

¯-n-s-â `-m-K-a-m-¡-n- a-p-t-¶-m-«-v -t-]-m-I-p-

t-¼-m-Ä- -s-R-«-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶- h-n-h-c-§-f-m-W-v

\-a-p-¡-v -t-I-Ä-¡-m-³- I-g-n-b-p-¶-X-v.

X-n-·-I-Ä-s-¡-X-n-s-c I-c-§-f-p-b-

À-¯-n-b- A-\-o-X-n-s-¡-X-n-s-c i-Ð-

a-p-b-À-¯-n-b--, \-o-X-n- -t-_-m-[-¯-n-\-v

-t-h-ï-n- ]-S- \-b-n-¨- \-½-p-s-S h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n-

k-a-q-l-w- C-¶-v e-l-c-n- a-m-^-n-b-I-f-p-s-S

h-f-b-¯-n-Â- I-p-S-p-§-n- X-n-·-I-Ä-s-¡-

X-n-s-c D-b-À-¯-n-b- I-c-§-f-n-Â- a-Z-y-

¡-p-¸-n-b-p-w- ]-n-S-n-¨-v-, \-o-X-n-¡-m-b-n- i-Ð-

a-p-b-À-¯-n-b- N-p-ï-p-I-f-n-Â- I-©-m-h-v

D-Ä-¸-s-S-b-p-Å- e-l-c-n- ]-Z-m-À-°-§-Ä-

\-n-d-¨-v-, \-m-b-I-X--z-¯-n-Â- \-n-¶-v ]-n-³-X-n-

c-ª-m-S-n- A-k-v-Y-n-X--z-h-p-w- h-y-à-n-X--z-h-p-w-

\-ã-s-¸-«- H-c-p- k-m-a-q-l-n-I- _-m-[-y-X-

b-m-b-n- a-m-d-n-s-¡-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p--n-h-I-b-m-W-v.

C-u- H-c-p- k-m-a-q-l-n-I- Z-p-c-´-w- I-ï-n-s-Ã-

¶-v \-S-n-¡-m-³- \-a-p-¡-v I-g-n-b-p-I-b-n-Ã-. I-r-

X-y-a-m-b- H-c-p- C-S-s-]-S-Â- D-ï-m-I-m-s-X

h-¶-m-Â- C-X-v H-c-p- h-e-n-b- k-m-a-q-l-n-I-

h-n-]-¯-n-s-â A-á-n-]-À-Æ-X-a-m-b-n- -s-]-m-

«-n-s-¯-d-n-¡-m-³- A-[-n-I- I-m-e-w- I-m-¯-n-

c-n-t-¡-ï-n- h-c-n-Ã-.

]-g-b-I-m-e- I-e-m-e-b- P-o-h-n-X-s-¯

A-b-h-n-d-¡-p-t-¼-m-Ä- ¢-m-k-v a-p-d-n-I-f-n-

s-e C-c-n-¸-n-S-§-Ä-¡-v C-S-b-n-Â- \-n-¶-p-w-

-s-]-m-d-p-¡-n- F-S-p-¯- h-f-s-¸-m-«-p-I-f-p-w--,

]-p-f-n-¡-p-c-p-I-f-p-w--, h-m-b-n-¨-v I-g-n-ª-

t-¸-m-Ä- I-o-d-n-s-b-d-n-ª- -t-{-]-a-t-e-J-\-

¯-n-s-â I-S-e-m-k-v X-p-ï-p-I-f-p-a-m-W-v

I-n-«-n-b-n-c-p-¶-s-X-¦-n-Â- C-¶-v I-e-m-e-b-

¯-n-Â- H-g-n-ª- a-Z-y-¡-p-¸-n-b-p-w--, e-l-c-n-

]-Z-m-À-°-§-f-p-s-S I-h-d-p-I-f-p-w--, {-]-X-y-b-

i-m-k-v-{-X-§-s-f ]-c-k-v-]-c-w- A-{-I-a-n-¨-v

-s-I-m-Ã-m-\-p-Å- B-b-p-[-¡-q-«-§-f-p-a-m-W-v

I-m-W-m-³- I-g-n-b-p-¶-X-v. K-X-I-m-e- I-y-m-

¼-k-p-I-f-n-Â- -s-a-m-«-n-«-v -t-{-]-a-w- h-f-À-¶-v

h-e-p-X-m-b-n- ]-q-¯-p-e-ª-v ]-c-n-k-c-§-

f-n-Â- k-u-c-`-y-w- ]-S-À-¯-n-b-t-¸-m-Ä- h-À-

¯-a-m-\-I-m-e- I-y-m-¼-k-p-I-f-n-s-e k-v-t-\-

l-h-p-w- -t-{-]-a-h-p-w- a-p-f-b-n-t-e \-i-n-¸-n-¨-v

]-c-n-k-c-§-f-n-Â- -t-N-m-c- -s-]-m-g-n-¡-p-¶-

X-c-¯-n-t-e-¡-v a-m-d-n-b-X-p-w- e-l-c-n-a-m-^-n-

b-b-p-s-S ]-n-S-n-b-n-Â- \-½-p-s-S h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n-

I-Ä- A-I-s-¸-«-X-p-s-I-m-ï-m-W-v.

X-\-n-¡-v e-`-n-¡-m-¯- k-v-t-\-l-h-p-w-

-t-{-]-a-h-p-w- a-ä-v B-À-s-¡-¦-n-e-p-w- I-n-«-p-s-a-¶-v

I-c-p-X-n- B- k-v-t-\-l-t-¯-b-p-w- -t-{-]-a-t-¯-

b-p-w- -s-h-d-p-s-X h-n-«- ]-q-À-Æ-I-m-e- I-e-m-

e-b- I-y-m-¼-k-p-I-f-n-Â- \-n-¶-v C-¶-v

\-m-w- -t-I-Ä-¡-p-¶-X-v X-\-n-¡-v e-`-n-¡-m-¯-

k-v-t-\-l-h-p-w- -t-{-]-a-h-p-w- a-ä-v B-À-¡-p-w-

e-`-n-¡-m-X-n-c-n-¡-m-³- k-v-t-\-l-¯-n-s-â-

b-p-w- -t-{-]-a-¯-n-s-â-b-p-w- D-d-h-n-S-w- X-s-¶

C-Ã-m-X-m-¡-p-¶- [-m-c-p-W-a-m-b- k-w-`-h-

§-f-m-W-v. X-m-³- a-\-Ê-n-Â- I-ï- k-v-

t-\-l-w- X-\-n-¡-v e-`-n-¡-n-s-Ã-¶-v -t-_-m-

[-y-a-m-b-t-¸-m-Ä- a-ä-m-À-¡-p-w- X-s-¶

B- k-v-t-\-l-w- e-`-n-¡-m-X-n-c-n-¡-m-³-

k-v-t-\-l- D-d-h-n-S-¯-n-t-e-¡-p-w- k-z-b-w-

P-o-h-\-n-t-e-¡-p-w- \-n-d- H-g-n-¨-v c-ï-v P-o-

h-n-X-§-f-m-W-v -s-]-m-e-n-ª-X-v. X-s-â

24 25

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

-s-s-h-I-r-X-§-Ä-¡-v a-p-¶-n-Â- I-o-g-

S-§-m-³- X-¿-m-d-m-I-m-¯- \-n-j-v-I-f-

¦-a-m-b- H-c-p- k-v-t-\-l- ]-p-j-v-]-s-¯

A-d-p-s-¯-S-p-¯-m-W-v a-s-ä-m-c-p- {-]-X-n-I-m-

c-w- I-y-m-¼-k-n-Â- A-c-t-§-d-n-b-X-v. ]-T-n-

¨-v h-e-p-X-m-b-n- I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-n-\-p-w- I-q-«-p-

I-m-À-¡-p-w--, \-m-S-n-\-p-w- \-m-«-p-I-m-À-¡-p-w--,

k-a-q-l-¯-n-\-p-w- {-]-t-X-y-I-n-¨-v c-m-{-ã-¯-n-

\-p-w- a-p-X-Â-I-q-«-m-t-I-ï- D-¯-a-]--u-c-³-a-m-

c-m-b- \-½-p-s-S h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n-I-Ä- a-Z-y-¯-n-

s-â-b-p-w- a-b-¡-p-a-c-p-¶-n-s-â-b-p-w- A-S-n-a-I-

f-p-w- C-c-I-f-p-a-m-b-n- k-z-t-_-m-[-w- \-ã-s-¸-«-v

h-e-n-b- I-p-ä- I-r-X-y-§-Ä- -s-N-b-v-X-v

P-b-n-e-d-I-f-n-Â- A-S-¡-s-¸-S-p-I-t-b-m-,

A-s-Ã-¦-n-Â- a-m-c-I- -t-c-m-K-¯-n-\-S-n-a-s-¸-«-v

i-n-ã-I-m-e-w- Z-p-c-´-]-q-À-®-a-m-b-n- X-Å-n-

\-o-¡-p-¶- H-c-p- k-m-a-q-l-n-I- _-m-[-y-X-b-m-

b-n- X-o-c-p- I-b-p-a-m-W-v -s-N-¿-p-¶-X-v. C-¯-

c-w- Z-m-c-p-W- k-w-`-h-§-s-f-Ã-m-w- X-s-¶

\-½-p-s-S I-®-v X-p-d-¸-n-t-¡-ï-X-p-w- {-]-X-n-

t-c-m-[-w- X-o-À-¡-m-³- X-¿-m-d-m-I-W-w- F-¶-v

k-a-q-l-s-¯ -t-_-m-[-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-p-a-m-W-v.

C-¯-c-w- k-w-`-h-§-Ä- C-\-n-b-p-w- B-h-

À-¯-n-¡-m-X-n-c-n-¡-m-³- -s-]-m-X-p-k-a-q-l-

¯-n-s-â I-m-c-y-£-a-a-m-b- C-S-s-]-S-Â-

A-\-n-h-m-c-y-a-m-W-v.

\-o-ï- I-m-e-s-¯ H-m-¬-s-s-e³-

]-T-\-¯-n-\-v -t-i-j-w- h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n-I-s-f-

Ã-m-w- h-o-ï-p-w- h-n-Z-y-m-e-b-§-f-n-s-e-¯-n-

]-T-\-w- B-c-w-`-n-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-t-Ã-m.

C-u- A-h-k-c-¯-n-Â- ]-p-X-n-b- ]-e- i-o-e-

§-f-p-w- \-½-f-p-s-S a-¡-f-n-Â- h-¶-v -t-N-À-¶-n-

«-p-t-ï-m F-¶-v \-½-Ä- ]-c-n-t-i-m-[-n-t-¡-

ï-X-p-ï-v.\-½-p-s-S h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n-I-s-f

-s-I-W-n-b-n-Â- -s-]-S-p-¯-m-³- A-h-c-p-

s-S I-e-m-e-b- ]-c-n-k-c-¯-p-w- H-¯-v

I-q-S-p-¶- -s-]-m-X-p- k-v-Y-e-§-f-n-e-p-w--,

_-k-v k-v-t-ä-m-¸-p-I-f-n-e-p-w- H-f-n-ª-n-

c-n-¡-p-¶- e-l-c-n- a-m-^-n-b-m- k-w-L-

§-s-f X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-ª-v A-h-c-p-s-S

N-X-n-¡-p-g-n-b-n-Â- \-½-p-s-S I-p-«-n-I-Ä-

-s-]-S-m-X-n-c-n-¡-m-³- \-½-Ä- h-f-s-c-b-

[-n-I-w- {-i-²- ]-p-e-À-t-¯-ï-X-p-ï-v.

I-p-S-p-w-_- _-Ô-§-s-f X-I-À-¯-v

X-c-n-¸-W-a-m-¡-p-¶--, k-u-l-r-Z- _-Ô-§-

s-f ]-n-¨-n-¨-o-´-p-¶- A-½-a-m-s-c I-®-o-À-

I-p-S-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶--, t-k-m-Z-c-n-a-m-c-p-s-S

a-m-\-w- I-h-c-p-¶- ]-n-©-p-a-¡-s-f -s-I-m-

s-¶-m-S-p-¡-p-¶--, \-m-S-n-³- b-p-h-X-s-b

-s-I-m-Å-b-S-n-¡-p-¶- a-Z-y- a-b-¡-p-a-c-p-

¶-v e-l-c-n- a-m-^-n-b-s-¡-X-n-s-c _-l-p-

P-\- ]-¦-m-f-n-¯-t-¯-m-s-S -t-]-m-c-m-«-¯-n-

s-â ]-m-X-b-n-e-q-s-S a-p-t-¶-d-p-I-b-m-W-v

[-À-½-I-À-½- h-n-¹-h-w- \-b-n-¡-p-¶- -t-I-

c-f-¯-n-s-e a-Z-y-\-n-t-c-m-[-\- k-a-n-X-n-.

I-e-m-e-b-§-s-f e-l-c-n-a-p-à-a-m-¡-n-

h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n-I-s-f \-m-S-n-s-â \-·-a-c-

§-f-m-¡-n- h-f-À-¯-n-s-b-S-p-¡-m-³- -m-s-f

\-S-¯-p-¶- F-Ã-m- {-i-a-§-Ä-¡-p-w- k-À-

Æ- ]-n-´-p-W-b-p-w- {-]-J-y-m-]-n-¨-v -s-I-m-ï-v

\-n-§-f-p-s-S F-Ã-m- P-\-]-£- C-S-s-]-S-e-p-

I-Ä-¡-p-w- h-n-P-b-m-i-w-k-I-Ä- -t-\-c-p-¶-p-.

24 25

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

e-l-c-n-

a-m-\-h-s-â P-·- i-{-X-p-

c-q-]- `-m-h-§-f-n-Â-

B-«-n-³- -t-X-mÂ- a-m-d-n-b-W-n-ª-v

N-X-n-b-\-m-b-v

-s-I-me-b-m-f-n-b-m-b-v

k-z-]-v\-§-f-ps-S -s-I-mÅ-¯-e-h-\-m-b-v

C-c-p-«-v ]-c-¯-p-¶-p-

Z-m-c-n-{-Z-¯-n-e-h-\-m-i--z-ka-m-b-n-

N-as-ª-s-¶¯-Å-n-b-n-«-p-.

s-F-i--z-c-y-¯-n-e-mt-L-mj-a-m-b-n-

N-X-ns-¨-s-¶ N-h-n-«-n-¯-m-g-v¯-n-

h-n-d-b-p-¶- I-m-e-p-I-f-n-Â- I-b-À-¡-p-¶

F-s-â k-n-c-I-f-n-Â-

C-c-p-«-n-s-â a-d-h-n-e-e-n-b-p-¶-

A-«-l-m-k§-f-n-Â-

I--u-a-m-c- k-z-]-v\-§s-f

X-Ã-n-¯-I-À-¡-p-¶-

kÂ-¡-m-c-§-f-n-Â-

F-\-n-¡-v N-p-ä-p-w- e-l-c-ns-b-s-¶-mc-p-

Xt-a-mK-À-¯-a-m-b-n-¯-o-À-¶-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p-.

e‑l‑c‑n‑

H‑c‑p‑ Xt‑a‑m

K‑À‑¯‑w‑

^-m-¯-n-a- k^- ]-n

s-I-mf-¯-q-À-

Ihn-X Nn{Xw

ap-Àjn-Z ]n

s-I-mf-¯-q-À-

26 27

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

1. e-l-c-n- \-n-À-a-m-À-P-\- e-£-y-

h-p-a-m-b-n- \-½-p-s-S P-n-Ã-b-n-Â- [-m-c-m-

f-w- ]-²-X-n-I-Ä- \-S-¸-n-e-m-¡-n-b-n-«-p-

ï-m-I-p-a-t-Ã-m A-X-n-s-â-s-b-m-s-¡

^-e-§-Ä- F-s-´-m-s-¡-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p-?

e-l-c-n- \-n-À-½-m-À-Ö-\-w- e-£-y-a-n-«-v

h-n-h-n-[- k-w-L-S-\-I-Ä- ]-e-h-n-[- -s-N-d-n-b-

-s-N-d-n-b- ]-²-X-n-I-Ä- \-S-¯-n-b-n-«-p-s-ï-

¦-n-e-p-w- k-À-¡-m-À- X-e-¯-n-Â- C-X-p-h-s-c

P-n-Ã-m- X-e-¯-n-Â- H-c-p- ]-²-X-n-b-p-w-

\-S-¸-n-Â- h-c-p-¯-n-b-n-«-n-Ã-. F-¶-m-Â- h-n-

h-n-[- k-À-¡-m-c-p-I-Ä- k-w-k-v-Y-m-\- X-e-

¯-n-Â- I-m-e-m-I-m-e-§-f-n-Â- \-S-¸-n-Â- h-c-p-

¯-n-b-n-«-p-Å- ]-²-X-n-I-Ä- P-n-Ã-m- X-e-¯-n-

e-p-w- \-Ã- c-o-X-n-b-n-Â- \-S-¸-n-e-m-¡-n-b-n-«-p-ï-v.

I-g-n-ª- k-À-¡-m-À- c-q-]-w- -s-I-m-S-p-¯-

a-n-j-\-p-I-f-n-Â- {-]-[-m-\-s-¸-«- H-¶-m-

W-v. e-l-c-n- h-À-Ö-\-¯-n-\-v D-u-¶-Â-

\-e-v-I-n- F-I-v-s-s--k-k-v h-I-p-¸-n-s-â

I-o-g-n-Â- c-q-]-w- -s-I-m-S-p-¯- h-n-a-p-à-n-

a-n-j-³-.A-X-v h-f-s-c \-Ã- c-o-X-n-b-n-Â-

\-½-p-s-S P-n-Ã-b-n-Â- \-S-¶-p-h-c-p-¶-p-ï-v.

H-c-p- k-p-{-]-`-m-X-¯-n-Â- A-s-Ã-¦-n-Â-

{-]-t-X-y-I- I-m-e-b-f-h-v -s-I-m-ï-v e-£-y-

¯-n-s-e-¯-m-h-p-¶- H-¶-Ã- e-l-

c-n- \-n-À-½-m-À-Ö-\-w- F-¶-X-v.C-¶-v

-s-N-¿-p-¶-X-n-s-â ^-e-w- N-n-e-t-¸-m-Ä-

h-c-p-w- X-e-a-p-d-t-¡ A-\-p-`-h-n-¡-m-³-

I-g-n-b-q-.

2. h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n-I-f-n-Â- h-f-À-¶-p-h-

c-p-¶- e-l-c-n- D-]-t-b-m-K-¯-n-\-v I-m-c-

W-w- H-c-p- ]-c-n-[-n- h-s-c k-a-q-l-a-m-W-v

F-¶-v A-`-n-{-]-m-b-a-p-ï-v A-X-n-t-\-m-S-v

-t-b-m-P-n-¡-p-¶-p-t-ï-m?

\-q-d-p- i-X-a-m-\-h-p-w- -t-b-m-P-n-¡-p-¶-p-.

A-X-n-Â- H-c-p- h-n-t-b-m-P-n-¸-v D-Å-X-v. -H-c-p-

]-c-n-[-n- h-s-c F-¶-X-n-e-m-W-v. I-m-c-W-w-

F-s-â A-\-p-`-h-¯-n-Â- I-p-«-n-I-f-n-s-e

e-l-c-n- D-]-t-b-m-K-¯-n-\-p- I-m-c-W-w-

h-e-n-b- H-c-f-h-p- h-o-S-p-I-f-n-s-e A-h-c-p-s-S

A`n-apJw

_n‑Pp‑ ]n‑

(‑ {]n‑h‑âo‑hv Hm‑^o‑kÀ‑, F‑Ivsskkv h‑Ip‑¸v

a‑e‑¸p‑dw‑ Pn‑Ã‑ ‑ssek¬‑ Hm‑^o‑kÀ‑, hn‑ap‑àn‑ an‑j‑³‑)

kzm‑Zn‑Jv Hm‑W‑¸p‑S‑, an‑JvZm‑Zv ‑ta¨o‑cn‑, kpssl_v B‑´q‑À‑, dn‑³‑jm‑Zv ]n‑.Sn‑,

khm‑Zv ‑sI.Sn‑, A‑ao‑³‑ C‑.Sn‑, kzm‑Zn‑Jv Fw‑.‑sI

26 27

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

N-p-ä-p-]-m-S-p-I-f-p-w- c-£-n-X-m-¡-f-p-a-m-b-p-Å-

_-Ô-§-f-n-s-e ]-m-I-¸-n-g-I-f-p-a-m-W-v.

I-q-S-m-s-X C-¯-c-w- a-m-c-I-h-n-]-¯-p-I-

Ä-s-¡-X-n-s-c H-¶-p-w- {-]-X-n-I-c-n-¡-m-¯-

k-a-q-l-h-p-w- C-X-n-\-p-¯-c-h-m-Z-n-b-m-W-v.

3. e-l-c-n-b-p-s-S -t-]-c-n-Â- ]-n-S-n-

¡-s-¸-«- [-m-c-m-f-w- k-v-I-q-Ä- h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n-

I-Ä-. -s-]-m-X-p- k-a-q-l-¯-n-Â- -t-a-m-i-s-¸-

«-h-c-p-w- H-ä-s-¸-«-h-c-p-a-m-b-n- a-m-d-m-d-p-ï-v

. A-X-n-s-\ F-§-s-\ -t-\-m-¡-n-¡-m-W-p-

¶-p-?

e-l-c-n-b-p-s-S -t-]-c-n-Â- ]-n-S-n-¡-s-¸-

S-p-¶- h-n-Z-y-m-À-°-n-I-f-p-w- b-p-h-P-\-

§-f-p-w- -t-a-m-i-s-¸-«-h-c-p-w- H-ä-s-¸-«-h-

c-p-w- B-I-p-¶-p- F-¶-X-n-Â- h-e-n-s-b-m-

c-p- k-X-y-a-p-ï-v.A-X-v k-a-q-l-¯-n-\-v

h-e-n-s-b-m-c-p- `-o-j-W-n-b-m-W-v.]-e-t-¸-m-

g-p-w- k-v-I-q-f-p-I-f-n-e-p-w- a-ä-p-w- e-l-c-n- h-k-v-

X-p-¡-f-p-a-m-b-n- ]-n-S-n-¡-s-¸-S-p-¶- I-p-«-n-I-

s-f I-p-ä-h-m-f-n-I-s-f-t-¸-m-s-e I-m-W-p-¶-p-.

A-X-v A-h-s-c ]-e-t-¸-m-g-p-w- a-m-\-k-n-I-a-m-

b-n- X-I-À-¡-p-¶-p- F-¶-p- a-m-{-X-a-Ã- A-h-

s-c I-q-S-p-X-Â- I-p-ä-I-r-X-y-§-f-n-t-e-¡-v

-t-{-]-c-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶- H-¶-m-b-n- A-X-p- a-m-d-p-

I-b-p-w- -s-N-¿-p-¶-p-. -t-e-m-I-m-t-c-m-K-y- k-w-

L-S-\- ]-d-ª-X-v e-l-c-n-¡-v A-S-n-a-s-¸-

S-p-I- F-¶-X-v H-c-p- I-p-ä-a-Ã- F-¶-p-w- A-X-v

H-c-p- -t-c-m-K-a-m-W-v F-¶-p-a-m-W-v. A-t-¸-m-Ä-

H-c-p- -t-c-m-K-n-t-b-m-S-v \-m-w- F-§-s-\

-s-]-c-p-a-m-d-p-t-a-m A-X-p- -t-]-m-s-e C-h-

t-c-b-p-w- I-m-W-m-³- k-m-[-n-¡-W-w-.

A-h-s-c k-v-t-\-l-t-¯-m-s-S X-n-c-p-

¯-m-³- \-a-p-¡-v I-g-n-b-W-w-. A-h-À-¡-v

-t-h-ï- I--u-W-v-k-n-e-n-§-n-\-p-w- a-ä-p-a-p-Å-

k-u-I-c-y-w- -s-N-b-v-X-p- -s-I-m-S-p-¡-W-w-. h-n-

a-p-à-n- a-n-j-³- A-X-n-\-p- -t-h-ï- F-Ã-m-

k-m-l-N-c-y-§-f-p-w- H-c-p-¡-n-b-n-«-p-ï-v.

a-b-¡-p-a-c-p-¶-v -t-I-k-n-Â- ]-n-S-n-¡-s-¸-

S-p-¶- {-]-m-b-w- I-p-d-ª- I-p-ä-h-m-f-n-I-Ä-¡-v

I--u-¬-k-n-e-n-§-v \-Â-I-W-w- F-¶-v F-I-v-

k-!-!s-s--!-!k-v h-I-p-¸-v \-n-À-t-±-i-w- \-Â-I-n-

b-X-v t-]-m-e-p-w- C-X-p- -s-I-m-ï-m-W-v F-¶-v

R-m-³- I-c-p-X-p-¶-p-.

4.\-h- I-m-e-¯-v h-f-s-c h-y-X-y-k-v-X-

a-m-À-¶- e-l-c-n-]-Z-m-À-°-§-Ä- B-W-v

h-n-]-W-n-b-n-s-e-¯-p-¶-X-v. C-X-n-s-\

A-d-n-b-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w- -t-h-À-X-n-c-n-¨-p- a-\-

Ê-n-e-m-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w- \-m-w- F-s-´-m-s-¡

\-S-]-S-n-I-Ä- k-z-o-I-c-n-¡-W-w-?

C-u-s-b-m-c-p- -t-N-m-Z-y-w- -t-I-Ä-¡-p-

t-¼-m-Ä- H-c-p- A-½-b-p-s-S h-m-¡-p-I-

f-m-W-v F-s-â H-m-À-½-b-n-Â- h-c-p-¶-X-v.

28 29

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

k-m-t-d.. R-m-\-n-§-s-\ H-c-p- k-m-[-

\-w- H-m-s-â _-m-K-n-e-v H-c-p- {-]-m-h-i-y-w-

I-ï-n-c-p-¶-p-. R-m-³- -t-N-m-Z-n-¨-t-¸-m

F-t-´-m -s-N-S-n-b-p-s-S C-e-t-b-m h-n-

t-¯-m F-t-´-m B-s-W-¶-v F-t-¶-m-S-v

]-d-ª-X-v. a-I-s-â _-m-K-n-Â- \-n-¶-p-w-

A-S-§-n-b- I-h-À- I-m-W-n-¨-v C-s-X-m-c-p-

e-l-c-n- h-k-v-X-p-h-m-s-W-¶-p-w- C-§-s-\

H-c-p- h-k-v-X-p- a-p-s-¼-§-m-\-p-w- \-n-§-f-p-

s-S a-I-s-â -s-s-I-¿-n-Â- I-ï-n-«-p-t-ï-m

F-¶- -t-N-m-Z-y-¯-n-\-v H-c-½-b-p-s-S a-d-p-]-

S-n-b-m-W-n-X-v. A-X-m-b-X-v a-s-ä-s-´-m-s-¡-

t-b-m B-s-W-¶-p- ]-d-ª-v c-£-n-X-m-¡-

s-f I-_-f-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶- H-c-p- A-h-k-v-Y-.

F-s-â-s-b-m-s-¡ -s-N-d-p-¸- I-m-e-¯-v

I-Å-v-,a-Z-y-w--, k-n-K-c-ä-v-, a-ä-p- ]-p-I-n-b-n-e-

D-Â-]-¶-§-Ä- X-p-S-§-n-b-h-s-b-m-s-¡

B-b-n-c-p-¶-p- {-]-[-m-\- e-l-c-n- h-k-v-X-p-

¡-Ä-. C-h-s-b-m-s-¡ D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¨-m-Â-

B-À-¡-p-w- -s-]-s-«-¶-v X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-m-\-p-w-

k-m-[-n-¨-n-c-p-¶-p-. A-X-p- -s-I-m-ï-p- X-s-¶

D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-m-³- ]-c-n-a-n-X-n-I-Ä- [-m-c-m-

f-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p-.C-¶-v \-½-p-s-S \-m-«-n-Â-

¡-p-w- X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-m-³- k-m-[-n-¡-p-¶-n-Ã-.

A-t-¸-m-Ä- h-n-h-n-[-§-f-m-b- k-n-´-ä-n-¡-v

a-b-¡-p-a-c-p-¶-p-I-f-p-s-S I-m-c-y-w- ]-d-b-m-

f-p-¯- -s-]-m-S-n- c-q-]-¯-n-e-p-w- h-n-h-n-[- K-p-

f-n-I- c-q-]-¯-n-e-p-w- -t-e-l-y- c-q-]-¯-n-e-p-w-

H-s-¡-b-m-b-n- X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-m-³- ]-ä-m-¯- c-q-

]-¯-n-Â- D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¨-m-Â- H-c-p- a-W-t-a-m

X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-m-³- a-ä-p- a-m-À-¤-§-t-f-m C-Ã-m-

¯- a-b-¡-p-a-c-p-¶-p-I-Ä- h-¶-p- \-n-d-b-p-

t-¼-m-Ä- c-£-n-X-m-¡-Ä- C-\-n-b-p-w- H-c-p-]-m-

S-v a-p-t-¶-m-«-p- -t-]-m-t-I-ï-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p-.

\-½-p-s-S I-p-«-n-I-f-p-s-S -s-s-I-s-¿-¯-p-w-

Z-q-c-¯-n-e-p-Å- a-b-¡-p- a-c-p-¶-p-I-s-f-

¦-n-e-p-w- I-ï-p- X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-m-³- ]-ä-p-¶-

X-c-¯-n-Â- \-½-Ä- c-£-n-X-m-¡-Ä- I-p-

d-¨-p- I-q-S-n- a-p-t-¶-t-d-ï-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p-.

C-¯-c-w- a-b-¡-p-a-c-p-¶-p-I-s-f-m-s-¡ -s-I-m-

ï-p- \-S-¶-v I-m-W-n-¨-p- -s-I-m-S-p-¡-m-³- \-a-p-

¡-v \-n-b-a-]-c-a-m-b- ]-c-n-a-n-X-n-I-f-p-ï-v.

A-X-n-\-m-Â- \-m-s-a-m-s-¡ ]-e-h-n-[- I-m-c-y-

§-Ä- I-m-W-m-\-p-w- -t-I-Ä-¡-m-\-p-s-a-m-s-¡

D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶- -s-a-m-s-s-_-e-n-s-e h-n-

¦-n-e-p-s-a-m-¶-n-Â- C-¯-c-w- a-b-¡-p-a-c-p-

¶-p-I-f-p-s-S -t-^-m-t-«-m-s-b-¦-n-e-p-w- I-ï-v

a-\-Ê-n-e-m-¡-m-³- {-i-a-n-¡-W-w- F-s-¶-m-

c-p- A-t-]-£-b-m-W-v c-£-n-X-m-¡-f-p-s-S

a-p-¼-m-s-I F-\-n-¡-v -s-h-¡-m-\-p-Å-X-v.

5.e-l-c-n- \-n-À-a-m-À-P-\-w- e-£-y-w- -s-h-

¨-p-s-I-m-ï-v -t-I-c-f- k-À-¡-m-À- B-c-w-

`-n-¨- h-n-a-p-à-n- ]-²-X-n-b-p-s-S \-n-e-h-n-

s-e -t-]-m-¡-v F-{-]-I-m-c-a-m-W-v?

\-n-t-c-m-[-n-¨-X-p- -s-I-m-ï-v a-m-{-X-w- e-l-

28 29

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

c-n- D-]-t-b-m-K-w- C-Ã-m-X-m-¡-m-\-m-I-n-Ã-....

A-X-n-s-â -t-Z-m-j- h-i-§-Ä- X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-

ª-p- e-l-c-n- h-k-v-X-p-¡-Ä- k-z-b-w- h-À-

Ö-n-¡-p-¶- ]-p-X-p-X-e-a-p-d- ..... C-u-s-b-m-

c-p- e-£-y-w- a-p-¶-n-Â- I-ï-p- -s-I-m-ï-v

k-À-¡-m-À- c-q-]-w- -s-I-m-S-p-¯- ]-²-X-n-

b-m-W-v -h-n-a-p-à-n- a-n-j-³-. \-½-p-s-S

P-n-Ã-b-n-e-p-w- A-X-v h-f-s-c \-Ã- c-o-X-n-

b-n-Â- X-s-¶ \-S-¶-p- h-c-p-¶-p-. F-I-v-

k-!-!s-s--!-!k-v h-I-p-¸-n-s-â -t-a-Â- -t-\-m-«-

¯-n-e-m-W-v a-n-j-³- {-]-h-À-¯-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.

e-l-c-n-s-¡-X-n-s-c-b-p-Å- h-n-h-n-[-§-

f-m-b- -t-_-m-[-h-Â-¡-c-W- {-]-h-À-¯-

\-§-f-p-w- e-l-c-n- -t-a-m-N-\- {-]-h-À-¯-

\-§-f-p-w- H-s-¡ C-X-n-s-â `-m-K-a-m-W-v.

-t-\-c-s-¯ ]-d-ª-X-p- -t-]-m-s-e C-X-n-s-â

^-e-w- F-¶-X-v C-t-¸-m-Ä- ]-d-b-m-³- k-m-

[-n-¡-n-Ã-. A-X-v N-n-e-t-¸-m-Ä- X-e-a-p-d-I-Ä-

I-g-n-t-b-ï-n- h-c-p-w-. F-¶-m-Â- \-½-p-s-S

{-]-X-o-£- -s-s-I-h-n-S-m-s-X ]-p-X-n-s-b-m-c-p-

\-m-s-f-¡-m-b-n- \-a-p-s-¡-m-¶-n-¨-v -s-s-I

-t-I-m-À-¡-m-w-.

6.e-l-c-n- F-X-n-À-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p- -t-h-

ï-n- \-½-Ä- h-n-Z-y-m-e-b-§-f-n-Â- B-c-w-

`-n-¨- e-l-c-n- h-n-c-p-²- ¢-º-v F-¶-X-v

]-e- h-n-Z-y-m-e-b-§-f-n-e-p-w- \-n-À-P-o-h-

a-m-W-v. F-´-m-W-v C-X-n-s-\ I-p-d-n-¨-v

]-d-b-m-\-p-Å-X-v?

k-v-I-q-f-p-I-f-n-s-e e-l-c-n- h-n-c-p-²-

¢-º-v i-c-n-¡-v h-n-a-p-à-n- ]-²-X-n-b-p-

s-S `-m-K-a-m-b-n- h-¶- H-c-p- ]-²-X-n-b-Ã-.

A-X-n-\-p- a-p-¼-p- X-s-¶ k-v-I-q-f-p-I-f-n-

s-e e-l-c-n- h-n-c-p-²- -t-_-m-[-h-Â-¡-

c-W- {-]-h-À-¯-\-§-Ä-¡-v -t-\-X-r-X-

-z-w- -s-I-m-S-p-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w- k-v-I-q-f-n-\-v

k-a-o-]-s-¯ e-l-c-n- h-n-e-v-]-\- k-w-

_-Ô-n-¨-p-w- k-v-I-q-f-p-I-f-n-t-e-¡-v I-p-«-n-

I-f-n-t-e-¡-v e-l-c-n- F-¯-n-¡-p-¶-h-

s-c-¡-p-d-n-¨-p-w- a-ä-p-w- F-I-v-k-!-!s-s--!-!k-v

h-I-p-¸-n-\-v h-n-h-c-w- \-Â-I-p-¶-X-n-\-p-

a-m-b-n- H-c-p- A-[-y-m-]-I-s-\ I-¬-

h-o-\-d-m-b-n- \-n-b-a-n-¨-v I-p-«-n-I-f-p-s-S

C-S-b-n-Â- \-n-¶-p- X-s-¶ e-l-c-n- {-]-h-À-

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s-¸-S-p-¯-n- c-q-]-w- -s-I-m-S-p-¯-X-m-W-v

k-v-I-q-f-p-I-f-n-s-e e-l-c-n- h-n-c-p-²- ¢-º-p-

I-Ä-. I-p-«-n-I-Ä-¡-n-S-b-n-e-p-Å- {-]-i-v-

\-§-Ä- I-p-«-n-I-s-f-s-¡-m-ï-p- X-s-¶

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S-n-I-Ä- A-X-m-X-p- h-I-p-¸-p-I-Ä- -s-s-I-

s-¡-m-Å-p-I- F-¶-X-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p- D-t-±-i-w-.

I-p-t-d k-v-I-q-f-p-I-f-n-Â- \-Ã- c-o-X-n-b-n-Â-

\-S-¡-p-¶-p-s-ï-¦-n-e-p-w- C-u- h-n-j-b-

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t-f-b-p-w- \-n-À-Ö-o-h-a-m-¡-p-¶-p-.

30 31

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

e‑l‑c‑n‑;

a‑c‑W‑¯‑n‑t‑e‑¡‑v

e‑l‑c‑n‑

t-e-m-e-s-a-¶-v \-n-\-¨-p-

R-m-³- e-l-c-n-b-n-e-a-À-¶-t-¸-m-Ä-

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t-h-«-b-m-S-n-b-n-Ã-

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-s-s-h-I-m-c-n-I-a-m-b- -t-e-m-I-t-¯-¡-m-

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a-p-t-¶ H-m-À-¯-p- -s-h-¨- {-]-i-v-\-§-Ä-

h-o-ï-p-s-a-¶-v h-e-n-ª-p- a-p-d-p-I-p-¶-p-.

R-m-³- \-n-À-¯-n-b-n-Ã-

a-m-\-k-n-I- k-w-L-À-j-§-f-n-s-e-m-s-¡-b-p-w-

e-l-c-n-s-b-s-â I-q-«-m-f-n-b-m-b-n-

e-l-c-n a-m-d-m-t-c-m-K-s-¯-b-p-w-

A-´-y-i --z-m-k-s-¯-b-p-w- I-q-«-n-b-m-W-v

F-Ã-m-h-s-c-b-p-w- ]-p-e-v-I-p-¶-s-X-¶-v

X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-m-³- X-t-¶-m-s-S-m-¸-w- e-l-c-n-

b-n-Â- A-`-b-w- -t-X-S-n-b-h-c-n-s-e-m-c-p-h-s-â

a-c-W- I-m-c-W- d-n-t-¸-m-À-«-v

t-I-Ä-t-¡-ï-n- h-¶-p-.

`-n-¶-`-n-¶-a-m-w- c-q-]-`-m-h-§-f-m-Â-

B-k-à-n-X-³- \-p-c-

h-n-f-¼-p-h-\-t-{-X e-l-c-n-.

a-c-W-a-S-n-¨-v

a-\-w-s-\-m-´-v

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P-o-h-n-X-w- X-Å-n-\-o-¡-n-

a-®-S-n-b-p-¶-q- ...

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a-®-n-s-â ]-p-W-y-P-·-§-Ä- -!-!

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30 31

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

e-l-c-n- h-k-v-X-p-¡f-p-w-

b-p-h-X-e-a-p-d-b-p-w

a-Z-y-Z-p-c-´-§-f-p-s-S-b-p-w- A-X-p-a-q-

e-a-p-ï-m-I-p-¶- a-c-W-§-f-p-s-S-b-p-w-

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Z-n-\-h-p-w- \-½-p-s-S a-p-¼-n-s-e-¯-p-¶-p-.

A-X-p-I-ï-v -s-R-«-p-I-b-p-w- N-n-e-t-¸-m-Ä-

j-m-¸-p-I-Ä- A-á-n-¡-n-c-b-m-¡-p-I-b-p-w-

-s-N-¿-p-¶-p-. F-¶-m-Â- a-b-¡-p-a-c-p-¶-v

Z-p-c-´-§-f-p-s-S a-c-W-k-w-J-y-b-p-s-S

I-W-s-¡-S-p-¡-m-\-m-h-p-t-¶-b-n-Ã-. C-X-n-

\-p-s-a-m-s-¡ F-{-X-t-b-m A-¸-p-d-¯-m-W-v

a-b-¡-p-a-c-p-¶-v a-q-e-w- -s-]-m-e-n-b-p-¶- P-o-

h-n-X-§-f-p-s-S A-w-K-k-w-J-y- . A-h-c-p-s-S

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a-m-W-v. F-¶-m-Â- e-l-c-n-a-c-p-¶-p-I-f-p-s-S

I-q-«- Z-p-c-´-§-f-p-ï-m-I-n-s-Ã-¶-d-n-b-m-w-.

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X-v....?

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a-b-¡-p-a-c-p-¶-v A-`-b-a-m-b-n- a-m-d-p-¶-p-ï-v.

-t-\-c-s-¯ A-³-]-X-v h-b-k-n-\-p-a-p-I-f-n-

e-p-Å-h-c-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p- a-Z-y-¯-n-\-p-w- a-b-

¡-p-a-c-p-¶-n-\-p-w- A-S-n-a-I-f-m-b-n- N-n-I-n-Õ-

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a-m-d-W-s-a-¦-n-Â- A-h-³- G-X-p-I-m-e-¯-p-

X-p-S-§-n-b-n-«-p-ï-m-I-W-w- C-u- i-o-e-w-...?.

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W-v. ]-¯-v C-´-y-³- \-K-c-§-f-n-Â-

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f-n-ª-X-v ]-¯-p-h-À-j-¯-n-\-n-s-S

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s-S c-p-N-n-b-p-Å- a-Z-y-w- D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶-p-.

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\-w- e-£-y-w- -s-h-¡-p-¶-X-v A-S-n-¨-v

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-t-_-m-d-U-n-a-m-ä-m-\-m-W-v 15 i-X-a-m-

\-w- a-Z-y-]-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. 45 i-X-a-m-\-w-

I-p-«-n-I-f-p-w- ¹-k-v-S-p-X-e-¯-n-s-e-¯-p-

Mohammed shihab KT

Health Inspector, Pang PHC

32 33

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

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Ä-¡-v C-u- A-h-k-v-Y-b-n-Â- \-n-¶-v c-£-

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32 33

msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

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X-n-¨-p-N-m-S-n- -s-I-m-ï-n-c-p-¶-p-. ]-q-¼-m-ä-I-Ä- B- K-Ô-¯-n-Â- a-b-§-n-

h-o-W-p-s-I-m-ï-n-c-p-¶-p-. \-Ã- ]-¨-¸-p-Ã-v I-c-n-b-p-¶- a-W-w-.

H-ä-s-¸-«-p-I-n-S-¡-p-¶- -s-]-m-f-n-ª-p- h-o-g-m-d-m-b- H-c-p- h-o-S-v-, N-p-ä-p-w-

I-m-S-p-]-n-S-n-¨-p- I-n-S-¡-p-¶- {-]-t-Z-i-w-. ]-e-X-c-w- D-S-m-b-n-¸-p-I-f-p-w- \-S-

¡-p-¶- k-v-Y-e-w-.

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s-f-s-b-m-¶-v... ''

e-l-c-n-b-n-Â- a-p-§-n-b- A-h-s-â h-m-¡-p-I-Ä- ]-q-À-W-a-m-b-n-Ã-.

C-t-¸-m-g-m-W-v A-h-\-X-v -t-I-«-X-v-, e-l-c-n-b-n-Â- X-f-ª- A-h-s-\

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A-h-³- N-m-S-n- F-W-o-ä-p-.

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A-I-s-¯-m-c-p- I-«-n-e-n-Â- I-n-S-¸-p-ï-v-, A-X-n-s-â a-q-e-¡-v A-h-

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f-n-e-q-s-S -s-s-I-¿-n-«-v ]-d-ª-p-.

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A-h-Ä- N-m-S-n- F-g-p-t-¶-ä-p-.

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c-n-¨-m-Â- \-m-s-f \-a-p-¡-v -t-\-«-a-p-ï-m-I-p-w-''

I-¯-n-P--z-e-n-¡-p-¶- A-h-f-p-s-S I-®-p-I-f-n-Â- \-n-¶-p-w- X-o-P-

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¶-p- \-S-n-¨-p-.

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h-À-j-a-m-b-n- \-½-Ä- A-S-p-¸-a-m-b-n-«-v \-o- -t-N-m-Z-n-¨-s-X-Ã-m-w- R-m-

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msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

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I-n-S-¯-n-.

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msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

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]-d-ª-p-.

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-t-N-X-\-b-ä- i-c-o-c-¯-n-t-e-¡-v -t-I-m-c-n-s-b-m-g-n-¨-p-. c-ï-p-t-]-c-p-w-

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H-c-p- I-S-e-m-k-p- X-p-ï-p- -t-]-m-s-e A-h-Ä- -s-h-®-o-d-m-b-n-.

-t-\-c-w- k-Ô-y-b-m-b-n-. ]-p-d-¯-v a-g-b-p-s-S B-c-h-w- X-p-S-§-n-.

B-I-m-i-w- C-S-n-s-h-«-n- h-n-ï-p-I-o-d-n-. H-¶-p-w- k-w-`-h-n-¡-m-¯- a-«-n-Â-

B- c-ï-v A-k-p-c- h-n-¯-p-I-Ä- I-m-d-n-Â- I-b-d-n- I-p-ä-n-¡-m-«-n-\-n-S-

b-n-Â- I-q-s-S -t-d-m-U-n-t-e-¡-v I-b-d-n-. A-t-¸-m-g-p-w- c-ï-p-t-]-c-p-s-S-

b-p-w- I-¿-n-Â- ]-¨-n-e- I-¯-n-s-b-c-n-b-p-¶-p-ï-v-!-!

""P-n-_-n-t-\ R-m-³- \-n-s-¶ h-o-«-n-Â- h-n-S-m-w- ''

X-m-g-v-¶- k-z-c-¯-n-Â- ""D-w-'' C-S-h-g-n-b-n-e-q-s-S I-m-d-v P-n-_-n-s-â

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A-I-¯-p-\-n-¶-v A-½-b-p-s-S A-e-d-n- h-n-f-n-¡-Â- -t-I-Ä-¡-m-w-.

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msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

A-h-³- H-m-S-n- A-½-b-p-s-S A-S-p-¯-p- -s-N-¶-p-.

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A-h-s-\-b-p-w- -s-I-m-ï-v A-b-m-Ä- ]-p-d-t-¯-¡-v a-m-d-n-.

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s-â I-p-«-n-¡-v ]-ä-n-b-X-v?''

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-t-]-m-b-n-.

""\-n-s-â A-½- h-¶-t-¸-m-Ä- i-I-e-w- P-o-h-\-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p-

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¡-c-ª-p-. ]-p-d-¯-v a-g-b-p-s-S i-à-n- I-q-S-n-¡-q-S-n- h-¶-p- a-m-\-w- I-o-d-n-

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msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

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msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-

ln_ ^m¯n‑a hn

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msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

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msf Moorkkanad PC msf Moorkkanad PC

Nn-X-e-cn-¡p-¶- a-kvXn-jvI-§-Ä-